1. Matching! Industrial Revolution Islamic City Feudal City Gateway City
Great Migration
Medieval City
European Cities
Colonial Cities
Latin American City
The movement of African Americans from the Southern United States to the Northern United States
Largely centers of military power characterized by poverty and a lack of culture
Centers of learning in the 14th-17th century
A mixture of indigenous American and European architecture
Led to tremendous population growth and urbanization
Entry points for foreign exports
Contains a church as the city center and densely packed streets
Contain a mosque in the city center and densely packed streets
Clear sectors move out from the city center, highlighted by important large roadways

2. How many AP Human Geography vocabulary words can you relate to this?

3. The Origins and Evolution of Cities

4. Settlements and cities
Settlement / settlement node
A permanent agglomeration of buildings and people.
City / urban area
A settlement with a large population

5. Origin of cities First originated around 3500 BC
Emerged from agricultural villages built next to rivers
The 5 hearths of urbanization
Mesopotamia (between Tigris & Euphrates Rivers of Iraq’s Fertile Crescent)
Nile River Valley (Egypt)
Indus River Valley (Pakistan)
Huang He and Wei River Valleys (e. China)
Mesoamerica (s. Mexico, Guatemala).
What else were these places hearths for?

6. Why and How did Cities Develop?
Agricultural Surplus
Near rivers = good for farming
Irrigation—Allowed for surplus
Stratified social system
Upper class and lower class developed
Labor specialization
With a surplus, not everyone had to farm. People could specialize in non-agricultural activities (writing, religion, and metal working.)

7. Pre-industrial cities were mostly trading cities near water

8. Colonial city Built to export goods to mother country.
Located near water (usually coast).
Roads to help get exports out.
Usually became primate cities.

9. The Industrial Revolution generated massive urbanization
The growth of factories and urban jobs was a huge pull factor for rural areas.
Created a steady rural-urban migration pattern.
(Think Demographic Transition)

10. Industrial Revolution

11. Industrial cities
By 1900 most large cities were American or European industrial cities, such as Manchester, Chicago, and Barcelona.
Accompanying this
high pollution levels
overcrowding
exploitation of children in factories.

12. Global Urbanization 1800--5% of the world’s population was urban
% of the world was urban
Today, more than 50% of the world’s population lives in cities.
In the future, the world will be more urban.

13. The Industrial Revolution
Population explosion made cities much, much bigger
Example: Chicago

15. New Transportation
Innovations in transportation in the 19th and 20th centuries (railroads, autos) drastically changed cities:
More connected to each other now
Don’t need to be near water
More air and water pollution
More suburbs/edge cities (cars)
Ghettoes form (near train tracks)
Some cities disappear (not on highways)

16. Do you think American cities are industrial cities?

17. Post-industrial cities
Shift in core countries from manufacturing to service industries
old factories are being converted to shopping malls
waterfront industrial ports into parks
warehouses into art galleries.

18. Urbanization in the Southern USA
Southeast and Southwest US are urbanizing
New technology like…
AC!
Net-in migration (Rust Belt to Sun Belt)
Also increased migration from Latin America

20. Rise of megalopolis!
Megalopolis—An urban area that results from cities getting so big that they reach each other.

21. Mechagodzilla!!!!
I really don’t know why I put this…

22. How do levels of urbanization between MDCs and LDCs compare?

23. Which regions of the world are the least urbanized?

24. Review! Identify one pro and one con of an industrial city.
How did an agricultural surplus lead to economic inequality in society?
What part of the United States do you think will have the largest megalopolis in the future?
How did railways and highways change the structure of cities?
What do you think will be the next country in the world that will start to see post-industrial cities? Why?

25. Homework!

33. What does this urbanization mean for the future of Texas
What does this urbanization mean for the future of Texas? What are some positive and negative effects that you predict will happen because of this change?
Answer in one paragraph.

34. Timeline!
Create a timeline of the different stages urban areas have gone through in history.
Your timeline should have at least 7 steps, and each step should have a 1-2 sentence description of the type of city, a picture, and approximate dates for each city.
Add color for 10 extra points!