1. Protective Equipment

2. Why use protective equipment?
Increases the impact area
Disperses impact to another body part
Limit relative motion of a body part
Reduce friction

3. Types of injuries Focal Diffuse Concentrated in a small area
Low-mass, high-velocity impact
Diffuse
Spread over a larger area
Low-velocity, high-mass impact

4. Causes of injury Illegal play Poor technique Inadequate conditioning
Poorly matched player levels
Previously injured area
Low tolerance to injury
Poor quality, maintenance, or cleanliness of protective equipment

5. Head protection Football Helmets
National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE)
Must protect against concussive forces
Warning is placed on all helmets
Air and fluid bladders
Chin straps and jaw pads

6. Helmet Warning
Do not strike an opponent with any pary of this helmet or face mask. This is a violation of football rules and may cause you to suffer severe brain or neck injury, including paralysis or death. Severe brain or neck injury may also occur accidentally while playing football. NO HELMET CAN PREVENT ALL SUCH INJURIES. USE THIS HELMET AT YOUR OWN RISK.

7. Head protection Ice hockey (Canadian standards Association)
Baseball and Lacrosse (NOCSAE)

8. Fitting a Football Helmet

9. Football helmet fitting
Measure head and choose appropriate helmet size
Fits snugly around all parts of head
Cover whole head
Occipital

10. Football helmet fitting
2 fingers above the eyebrows (3/4”)
Ear holes match ears
Helmet does not shift when force is applied

11. Football helmet fitting
Chin strap equal distance from center of helmet
Strap holds helmet in place
Cheek pads fit snuggly
Face mask attached securely to helmet and 3 fingers from nose

12. Types of Protective Equipment

13. Face protection Facemask Ear guard Eye protection
Wrestling, water polo, boxing
Eye protection
Racquetball, Squash, Handball, swimming

15. Face protection Mouthpiece Protected teeth and head Tight fit
Comfort of gum line
No restriction of breathing
Does not extend past last molar

16. Trunk and thorax protection
Rib pads
Breast Support
Hips and Thighs
Groin and Genitalia
Shoulder pads

17. Fitting Shoulder Pads

18. Shoulder Pads
Measure width of shoulders to determine proper size of pads
Inside shoulder pad covers tip of shoulder
Cups cover deltoid

19. Shoulder pads Cover Sternum Pads allow movement required by position
Allows athlete to raise arms overhead without pad sliding back and forth
Straps underneath arms hold shoulder pads in place

21. Shin and knee Shin Knee Commonly neglected Brace Sleeve Pads
Custom fit
Sleeve
Pads

22. Elbow, wrist, and hand Elbow Wrist Hand Valgus/varus forces Abrasions
Limit ROM
Impact protection
Hand
Contusions and repetitive blows

23. ankle
Tape
Lace up brace
Active ankle
Sleeve