1. Surgical management of niche, isthmocele, uteroperitoneal fistula, or cesarean scar defect: a critical rebirth in the medical literature 
Camran Nezhat, M.D., Rebecca Falik, M.D., Anjie Li, M.D. 
Fertility and Sterility 
Volume 107, Issue 1, Pages (January 2017)
DOI: /j.fertnstert
Copyright © 2016 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Laparoscopic excision and repair of the cesarean scar defect. (A) Laparoscopically, the hysteroscopic light can be seen shining through the thinned myometrium. (B) Hysteroscopic view of defect outpouching in lower uterine segment. (C) Cesarean delivery scar defect is mapped out by inserting a white cervical dilator, then creating the bladder flap and opening the vesicovaginal and vesicocervical space. The dilator delineates the defect margins. Scissors are used to excise the fistula tract. (D) The entire fistula tract has been excised, and the cervical dilator is visualized at the lower uterine segment. (E) Laparoscopic suturing with 2-0 delayed absorbable suture is performed to reapproximate the myometrium in two layers. (F) The repaired defect is impermeable to hysteroscopic fluid.
Fertility and Sterility  , 69-71DOI: ( /j.fertnstert )
Copyright © 2016 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions