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People and the Process of Change
Chapter 8 People and the Process of Change
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Change A natural phenomenon Macro- and micro-change
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The Process of Change The comfort zone Unfreezing Change Refreezing
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The Change Process Unfreezing Change Refreezing
Comfort Discomfort New comfort zone zone zone
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Sources of Resistance to Change
Technical concerns Psychosocial needs Position and power
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Receptivity to Change Recognize differences in preferences for certainty Speak to people’s feelings Stories and Drama vs. Statistics
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Resistance Recognizing resistance Lowering resistance
Information dissemination Disconfirmation of currently held beliefs Psychological safety Command
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Dictating Change Effective in many situations
Communicate a sense of urgency Change may be rapid but without a lasting commitment
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Active Resistance to Change
Attacking the idea Refusal to change Arguing against change Organizing resistance of other people
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Passive Resistance to Change
Avoiding discussion Ignoring the change Refusing to commit to the change Agreeing but not acting
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Strategies to Overcome Resistance
Point out similarities Express approval Recognize competence and skill Provide assurance
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Strategies Suggest new opportunities Express value of contributions
Ensure involvement
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Strategies (cont’d) Provide opportunities for expression
Allow time for practice Provide a climate of acceptance
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Four Phases of Planned Change
Design the change Plan the implementation Implement the change Integrate the change
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Design the Change What is the purpose? Is the change necessary?
Is the change technically correct? Will this work? Is there a better way?
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Planning the Change Why is there resistance?
Is the resistance justified? What can be done to prevent or overcome resistance?
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Implementing the Change
What is the magnitude? What is the complexity? What is the pace? What is the current stress level?
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Integrating the Change
Is the change integrated into everyday operations? Are people comfortable with it? Is it well accepted?
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Conclusion Your leadership will influence how change is handled
Change presents an opportunity for professional growth and development View change in a positive way
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