1. Deeper yet into the Research Pyramid…
The Next Step…
Deeper yet into the
Research Pyramid…

2. Giving credit….
This slide show is based on the original created by Joyce Valenza

3. Hey there! Have you evaluated?
Is that site
good enough to cite?

4. Remember: Anyone can publish anything on the Web
Remember: Anyone can publish anything on the Web! It is your job, as a researcher, to look for quality!

5. Hmmm.
This one looks good.
How can I tell for sure?

6. Question Authority!!

7. CREDIBILITY / AUTHORITY
Who is the author?
Why is he or she an expert? (experience? Education?)
Is this a personal page? (Clues: ~ tilde, %, users, members)
Is it part of a major institution?
Is the page hosted by a free server like AOL Members, Tripod, Geocities?
You discover an author has a Ph.D. Do you need to investigate any further? What if her degree is in physics and the website she wrote is on Shakespeare?
Is everything on Geocities bad? Would your teacher question you citing a source that resided on a free server? Who might have a site with a ~ at a university?

8. Look for credibility clues!
Words and phrases to look for:
About us, Who Am I, FAQs, For More, Company Information, Profiles, Our Staff, Home
Search for the author in a search engine or online database
Ask your teacher-librarian for help
Clues often appear on the top or bottom of a page, or in menu bars and frames. These sections often contain authorship clues!

9. Truncate the URL
Delete characters in the address line up to the next slash mark to see if a main page offers more information about who is responsible for publishing the page you are interested in.
Go from:
003.htm TO

10. What can you learn from a URL?
You can use the end, or suffix of a domain name to help you judge the validity of the information and the potential bias of a website.
This strategy is not always accurate.

11. URLs as clues to content
.com=commercial sites (vary in their credibility)
.gov=U.S. government site
.org=organization, often non-profit. Some have strong bias and agendas
.edu=school or university site (is it K–12? By a student? By a scholar?)
.store=retail business
.int=international institution
.ac=educational institution (like .edu)
.mil=U.S. military site
.net=networked service provider, Internet administrative site
.museum=museum
.name=individual Internet user
.biz=a business
.pro=professional’s site
~=personal site

12. What do their URLs reveal about these sites?
These are not working URLS! Use them as examples for analysis only.

13. Recognizing bias is important.
RELIABILITY
Does the source present a particular view or bias?
Sometimes a bias is useful for persuasive essays or debates.
Recognizing bias is important.

14. RELEVANCE
Does this information directly support my hypothesis/thesis or help to answer my question?
Does the source give you enough information?
Research is not a contest. It doesn’t matter how many sources you collect. What does matter is their quality and their relevance! Your teacher will be more impressed with five high-quality, highly relevant sites, than thirty irrelevant ones.

15. DATE When was this information created? Revised?
(Be suspicious of undated material.)
Can you give examples of when it would be more or less important to have your site be current? Is it important that an author keep a site maintained?

16. So, why should we care about all of this?

17. There are bigger questions in life
There are bigger questions in life! You will be using information to make important decisions!
Which car should I buy?
Which doctor should I choose?
Should my child have this surgery?
Should I take this medication?
You want to be able to ensure the information you choose is reliable, credible, current, balanced, relevant, and accurate!

18. Evaluation is important! Learn to be fussy!

19. ASSIGNMENT - Day #4 By the end of Day 4:
Find at least 1 quality WEB PAGE.
GRADE ALERT!! To get credit for today:
Give the librarian a completed PINK citation sheet
Make sure you complete BOTH sides.

20. ASSIGNMENT - Day #5 By the end of Day 5:
GRADE ALERT!! To get credit for today:
Check with the librarian to find out if all your assignments have been handed in.
Make suggested corrections on the citation sheets that have been graded.
Read your sources and take notes.

21. Let’s try it out! →

22. Author & Sponsoring Organization Are the Most Important Criteria
Take a look at this site:
(Be sure to use the evaluation checklist on the back of your pink web citation slip)
After 9/11

24. Have You Been Googlized?
There ARE other search engines.
Check out the library home page and click on search engines to locate other search engines.
No one search engine covers all of the web. As a matter of fact – there is NO search engine that covers even half the content of the web.

25. Don’t Forget….. Use Boolean Search Operators AND OR NOT
“Phrase in quotes”
* (Truncation)
Use “Power Searching Tips” handout