1. Open Research & Wellcome
Hannah Hope
@hjhope

2. Agenda Open Research @ Wellcome Our current activities
Future opportunities

3. Open Research at Wellcome
Wellcome is a global foundation dedicated to supporting research with the goal of improving health
we are committed to ensuring research outputs (inc. papers, data & code) can be accessed and used in ways that will maximise health & societal benefit
we are a passionate long-term advocate of open access & data sharing

4. Open Research at Wellcome
Wellcome Data managing & sharing policy introduced
Bermuda principles
Open data concordat signed
UKPMC becomes Europe PMC
1996
2005
2007
2012
2014
2016
UKPMC launched
Research Reproducibility Joint Statement
Wellcome Open Access policy introduced
eLife launched

5. Wellcome’s Open access policy
Policy published 2005 (updated in 2012):
Requires researchers to make their research papers, monographs and book chapters available as soon as possible (with a max. embargo of 6 months)
Papers must be made available through Europe PMC
Licensed CC-BY when OA fee paid
Provides additional funding to cover APC
Sanctions in place for non-compliance

6. Wellcome OA compliance

7. Wellcome’s data management and sharing policy
Policy published 2007 (updated in 2010):
expects all researchers we fund to maximise access to research data with as few restrictions as possible
requires data management & sharing plan, where the research is likely to generate data of value as a resource for the community
commits to review and support costs of plans as integral part of the grant
Associated guidance sets out key elements for inclusion in data management and sharing plans (DMPs)

8. Europe PMC

9. Why is “open research” important?
Opening up access to the research outputs helps:
Accelerate discovery and its application for health benefit
Computational analysis of over 7,700 brain images – made openly available – determined that the first physiological sign of Alzheimer’s disease is a decrease in blood flow in the brain. Nature Communications  
Maximise the return on our research investment
Human Genome Project – Return on Investment of 141:1
Enhance research reproducibility and reduce avoidable waste
Other researchers can re-analyse and replicate published studies
Makes research outputs more readily accessible to full range of users
Public, policymakers, health professionals, etc
The $3.8 billion the U.S. government invested in the Human Genome Project (HGP) from 1988 to 2003 helped drive $796 billion in economic impact and the generation of $244 billion in total personal income, according to a study released today by Battelle. In 2010 alone, the human genome sequencing projects and associated genomics research and industry activity directly and indirectly generated $67 billion in U.S. economic output and supported 310,000 jobs that produced $20 billion in personal income. The genomics-enabled industry also provided $3.7 billion in federal taxes during 2010.

10. A growing consensus…
increasingly vast & complex datasets, provide tremendous opportunities
high-level policy convergence between major research funders:
expectation that data outputs be preserved and shared in a way that maximizes value
data management plans required & funded as integral part of grants
clear expectation that data underlying published findings be accessible (openly wherever feasible)

11. What next? How do we set the default to open?

12. Open Research Project – a nine-month development phase
Deliverable - a prioritised and costed Roadmap setting out how Wellcome could take a leadership role in ensuring research outputs which arise from its funding are findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR principles)
Focus – sharing of publications, data and code
Deadline - Spring 2017

13. Vision: switching the default to open
A world where there are transformative improvements in human health because research outputs are managed, shared and used in ways that unleash their full value
- L CC-BY

14. Understanding the barriers – recent survey of Wellcome researchers
33% researchers publish all their papers OA
Early career researchers least likely to make use of Wellcome funds to pay for APCs
25% researchers never reused existing data
Main barrier to data sharing fear of misuse, fear of loss of future publications and time/effort required to deposit data
Those who had shared data not seen any direct benefit from doing so, nor had they experienced any bad effects
33% researchers have reused code in research
25% of Wellcome grant recipients responded

15. Key challenges to overcome
There are significant barriers to the sharing of outputs:
Cultural – incentivising & recognising output sharing
Infrastructure – building and sustaining data resources
Technical – standards, metadata, interoperability
Professional – supply of skills
Ethical - protecting research participants
Disciplines at varying points, different data types raise different issues
Committed to working with other funders, journals, researchers and institutions to address these challenges.
Cultural issues – research parasites: individuals who don’t do original research just reanalyse other peoples data

16. How might Wellcome start to address this?
Publishing
Data reuse
Infrastructure/Discipline specific

17. Diversifying publishing options
Wellcome Open Research
A new publishing platform where Wellcome-funded researchers can publish any results they think are worth sharing

18. Diversifying publishing options
Wellcome Open Research
Fast – articles published within a week
Inclusive – can publish all your research outputs
Open – fulfils Trust OA and data sharing requirements
Reproducible – data published alongside article
Transparent – open, author-driven, peer review
Easy – costs are met directly by Wellcome

20. Diversifying publishing options
Preprints
Growing use of preprints in disciplines outside of physics/mathematics
Amending grant applications and end of grant forms to allow preprints can be cited
Developing guidance for grant reviewers
Working with ASAPbio on defining principles around what a Central Service look like

21. Cambridge Open Research Pilot
2 year pilot study to increase our understanding of what is needed for researchers to share and get credit for all outputs of the research process Who can apply? Any Cambridge research group that is funded by the Wellcome Trust willing to commit to experience open research. Details: Application deadline 11 December
Office of Scholarly Communication at the University of Cambridge
and is willing to commit it's time to experiencing what it is like to carry out Open Research, for the duration of the two year long trial.

22. Stimulating data re-use
Clinical Study Data Request
Clinical trial data from 13 pharma companies can be requested via this portal
Consider extending this include academic trial data
Exploring this idea with CSDR and MRC, NIHR and CR-UK

23. Stimulating data re-use
Open Science Prize
Harnessing the innovative power of open data
Support the prototyping and development of services, tools or platforms that enable open content to be discovered, accessed and re-used in ways that will advance discovery and spark innovation

24. Potential Future Work Establish major discipline-based pilots
Work with defined research communities to understand their data sharing needs, articulate solutions and initiate pilots
Candidate areas include public health emergencies, clinical trials and neuroimaging
Adapt a leadership role in incentivising and supporting open practices
Change application processes to make clear that outputs other than research papers are not second class objects
Work in partnership with other players in this space – publishers and institutions - to build consensus and drive change
Build online DMP tool to make data more discoverable and auditable

25. Any Questions?
Hannah Hope
@hjhope