1. Have you ever played Oregon Trail?
Any good stories from the trail?

2. Manifest Destiny

3. Manifest Destiny
The idea that God has given the entire continent to the USA and it is our destiny to settle it
1800->387,000 settled west of Appalachians
1820-> 2.4 million settled west of Appalachia

5. Inventions Make it Possible
John Deere’s steel plow improves farming in Midwest
Sheds sticky soil
Doubles productivity
Cyrus McCormick’s wheat reaper improves wheat harvesting abilities
3 acres a day to 15
Makes farming in Midwest more profitable

6. Jackson and the West 1830 signs Preemption Act Can buy up to 160 acres
Squatters rights to land sales
First come first serve
Can buy up to 160 acres
$1.25 per acre
Interest in settlement increases

7. Moving further West Fur traders/mountain men carve rout west
Befriend local Indians
Develop first trails through the West
Oregon Trail is most common rout
Covered wagons pulled by ox
Looking for better life

8. Photo analysis

9. Still A Long Haul

15. Sioux Indians

16. Plains Indians Sioux and Black Foot Indians Nomadic buffalo hunters
Great Plains Indian tribes
Nomadic buffalo hunters
362 Americans killed
426 Indians Killed

17. Pre-Civil War Statehood
California 1850
Oregon 1859

18. Leading to the Mexican American War
US will grow immensely

19. Mexican Independence 1821 Mexico wins independence from Spain
Capital in Mexico City has little control of far lying territories
Texas and New Mexico attacked by Comanche and Apache
Mission settlements set up in far reaches
Lack of funding puts missions in decline
Anarchy on frontier

20. Mexico in 1821

21. American Migration
Prior to independence Americans had been moving into border areas such as TX and CA
Increased following independence 1821
American traders replace Spanish traders
Manufactured goods
Texas receives a flood of Americans
1836 Texas becomes independent

22. Would Texas be better off as its own country?

23. Americans in Texas
Spain and Mexico allowed foreign settlement of Texas (Very cheap land)
Americans accept Mexican citizenship
Alienated by Catholicism and Mexican culture
Haden Edwards leads rebellion in TX
Mexico cuts off American immigration 1830
Creates tariff and bans slave importation
American settlers get angsty

24. War
Stephen Austin worked to get Santa Anna to lift some of the new restrictions
Jan. 1834, Austin was jailed for treason bc of a letter calling for the formation of a state Govt.
April 1834, Santa Anna declared himself dictator of Mexico.
July of 1835, Austin was released and quickly began forming a Texan Army-

25. Independence March 2, 1836, Texas declared independence from Mexico
Sam Houston became the commander of the Texas Army-

26. Alamo
Feb. 1836, 180 Texans were in a San Antonio mission called the Alamo.
William Travis was the commander of the Texans in the mission.
The Texans held off the Mexican Army for 13 days
March 6, 1836 the Alamo fell to the Mexicans-

27. Goliad
James Fannin and his men surrendered hoping they would be kicked out of Texas.
The order from Santa Anna was to execute the 300 surrendered men.-

28. San Jacinto
April 21, 1836 both armies were camped along the San Jacinto River
Mexican army took an afternoon nap and the Texans launched an attack
Mexicans-Hundreds killed, over 700 captured including Santa Anna
Texans-9 killed and 34 wounded
Ending the war-

29. Annexation? Sam Houston was the first president of Texas
Texans wanted to become part of the US
Northerners were not in favor of gaining Texas bc of the possible expansion of slavery.-

30. Section 4

31. Election of 1844 Largely decided on the issues of Texas annexation
Bringing the state into the country
James Polk (pro annexation) wins election
Texas will join Union in 1845

32. Oregon 54 40 or fight Will settle for 49th
Settled peacefully while US and UK are busy with other conflicts

34. Santa Anna’s Leg Captured by the 4th Illinois Infantry

35. Land Gains