1. DO NOW
What are the five pillars of Islam? Use the name and describe them

2. Muhammad’s Origins
Ms. Baquedano

3. Early life Born in 570 CE in Makkah (Mecca)
Had no father growing up, mother died young
Left with grandfather until his death, then raised by uncle, Merchant Abu Talib
Where he learned trade and mercantilism from

4. Mekkah Big trade city, had no agriculture
Home to the Ka’bah, house of worship for many gods, later just Islam
Abraham built the cube-shaped Ka’bah to honor gods
Site where Muhammad is visited by Angel Gabriel
Arab peninsula was home to tribes that were constantly fighting

5. Muhammad as a prophet
Once visited by Gabriel, he kept receiving messages for 22 years
Only spread the word to a few close friends
Islam gave many rights to women, when society did not
Other clans began to boycott him, calling him a liar, for beginning to spread his faith
This lead to starvation, but he and his followers did not break

6. End of Life
When Abu Talib died, he had no more protection from other clans
Forced to move to Madinah (Medina), with many pilgrims
Muhammad asked his followers to respect Jews and Christians, as they were all “People of the Book”

7. Cont.
People from Makkah continued to dislike Muhammad and his people and fought them – Muslims won
This made other tribes join Islam as well
Mekkah became a site of pilgrimage but Makkan people began to attack pilgrims, forcing an Islam army to go to Makkah
Islamic armies tore down “false idols” and made the city purely Islamic

8. After Muhammad
After this war, Muhammad forgave his enemies, and shortly died
Muhammad’s successor was Abu Bakr, his father-in- law
Became first Caliph (Muslim ruler)
Many tribes tried breaking away but Bakr used the military to keep them united
By 643, Muslim lands included Iraq, Persia, eastern Mediterranean, and North Africa