1. Chapter 9, Section 3 Conflict With Mexico Part 1: The Alamo! p. 328-333
The Texas War for Independence leads to conflict and war between the United States and Mexico.

2. TEXAS
Main Idea: Conflicts with the Mexican government leads American settlers in Texas to declare independence.
1820: Americans invited to settle in Texas by Spanish Gov.
Stephen Austin – “empresario” granted right to settle Mex. land
leads 300 American families into Texas
Mexico will honor deal if settlers agree to become Mexican citizens:
Convert to Roman Catholicism
Protect Texas from Indian Raids
Respect all Mexican laws
NO SLAVERY!
Stephen Austin
“Father of Texas”

3. Offers to Buy Texas U.S. offers to buy Texas from Mexico—TWICE!
Territorio de
Alta California
U.S. offers to buy Texas from Mexico—TWICE!
Mexico gets nervous
3/4ths of Texans were white Americans or Tejanos*
By 1835 Mexicans are outnumbered in Texas 10:1
1830: Mexico bans American immigration into Texas!
Trade between Texas & U.S. discouraged
- Heavy taxes levied on imports
American settlers & Tejanos want more representation
Sound familiar?
Mexico City *
The Mexican state of Texas
Americans migrate into Texas

4. Tejanos Mexicans either born in or who claim Texas as their home
Tejanos: independent frontier ranchers with a unique culture, separate from the rest of Mexico
Hope for democratic government with less central authority
They want REPRESENTATION

5. General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
Calls himself the “Napoleon of the West”
1833: Becomes president of Mexico through a military coup
- Wants strong central government with more control over the states, including Texas
Overturns Mexico’s constitution
Names himself dictator – one-person ruler

6. Gonzalez: “The Lexington of Texas”
Growing Conflict
Gonzalez, TX: Texans & Tejanos consider the first battle of Texas Revolution
Mexico wants their gun back
It’s really a minor skirmish: Oct. 2, 1835
1836: Stephen Austin urges Texans to revolt against Mexico
How will Mexico respond?
Gonzalez: “The Lexington of Texas”
“Come and take it!”

7. Santa Anna’s Response Marches 7000 troops north, to TEXAS
3 battles in early 1836:
The ALAMO!!!
Goliad
San Jacinto
Alamo is an old Spanish mission in San Antonio
Mexican troops lay siege Feb, 1836
185 Texans & Tejanos lock themselves inside & hold out for 12 days until…..

8. The Battle of The Alamo!!! Play Video
Defenders of the Alamo included Davy Crockett
March 6, 1836, 4:30 am (13th day of siege) Santa Anna’s army attacks!
The walls of the Alamo are smashed with artillery
Over 2000 Mexican troops overwhelm the defenders
All 185 defenders killed, except a few women & children.
Play Video

9. Heroes of the Alamo: William B. Travis
Gets command when Jim Bowie is sick
Knows Alamo is in trouble, begs for reinforcements
Probably one of first Alamo defenders to die
He was 26 years old
William Barret Travis

10. Heroes of the Alamo: Jim Bowie
Legendary tough Texan
Famous for his large “Bowie Knife”
Sent by Sam Houston to destroy the Alamo
Sick in bed during siege
His body is found in a sick bed in the hospital
Jim Bowie

11. Heroes of the Alamo: Davy Crockett
Famous frontiersman from Tennessee
Served 3 terms as Congressmen from Tennessee
Folk hero (like Daniel Boone)
Two theories about his death:
Died fighting valiantly defending the Alamo
OR, was captured, tortured & executed by orders of Santa Anna
Davy Crockett goes down swinging?

12. Massacre at Goliad March 27, 1836: Palm Sunday
303 Texans surrender to 5000 Mexican troops
Held as prisoners at Fort Defiance
General Urrea asks for clemency
Mexican law: “armed foreigners treated as pirates”
All are executed in streets
Bodies are burned
Texan commander James Fannin denied request for Christian burial
He was 32
Colonel James Fannin: denied his final request
Memorial at Goliad, Texas

13. Battle of San Jacinto April 21, 1836
6 weeks after the Alamo, Sam Houston’s Texians surprise attack
Battle lasts 18 minutes, Santa Anna captured
Wearing uniform of a private
Treaty signed recognizing Texas’ independence
Sam Houston elected 1st President Independent Republic of Texas
Remember the Alamo!!!
Remember Goliad!!!

14. Sam Houston Virginia – Tennessee - Texas
1822 – U.S. House of Reps (Jacksonian)
Governor of Tennessee
1830 – Sticks up for Cherokee
1832 – moves to Texas
1836 – 1st President of Texas
1846 – 1st Senator from Texas
Sam Houston (circa 1850)

15. How did Davy Crockett die?
Did he go down fighting OR did he surrender and get executed?
YOU DECIDE.
Do your own research.
Bring evidence to support your opinion.
Use valid sources.
Possible mini-debate tomorrow