1. Respiration & Photosynthesis
Dr. Melissa M. Fox
Wingate University

2. Aerobic Respiration

3. Ethanol, lactate, or other products
Anaerobic Respiration & Fermentation
Glucose
CYTOSOL
Glycolysis
Pyruvate
Fermentation
by repeating
glycolysis
Anaerobic cellular respiration with
alternative final
electron acceptor
Ethanol, lactate, or other products
Acetyl CoA
MITOCHONDRION
Citric acid cycle

4. Fermentation Beer Brewing! Exercise! Low Energy Yield
Only 2 ATP’s produced/glucose
Occurs using just glycolysis
Pyruvate formation is blocked
Experiences lack of NAD+
Cannot proceed into further respiration steps
Energy production halts
Formation of organic molecules
NADH transfers hydrogens to organic molecules to regenerate NAD+ to keep glycolysis running
Forms alcohol and lactate
Exercise!

5. Today’s Experiment Evaluate how Yeast metabolizes various sugars
Monosaccharides vs Disaccharides?
Aerobic Respiration or Fermentation?
Look for CO2 (aerobic)
Look for EtOH (fermentation)

6. How is energy acquired?
Producers: Create chemical energy from Sunlight & CO2
Plants
Some Bacteria
Algae
Consumers: Ingest chemical energy from Producers
Invertebrates
Birds
Mammals

7. Photosynthesis 6CO2 + 12H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
Conversion of light energy into stored chemical energy - glucose
6CO2 + 12H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

8. Plant Cell Organelles

9. The Chloroplast Membrane network involved in ATP synthesis
Contains Pigments
Stoma
Pores that facilitate gas exchange
Contains necessary enzymes for sugar production

10. The Electromagnetic Spectrum

11. Visible Light

12. Pigments Chlorophyll A Main Pigment
Initiates light dependent reactions of photosynthesis
Absorbs blue & red wavelengths … appears green to your eye
Chlorophyll B
Accessory pigment
Differs from Chlorophyll a due to functional group variant
Appears yellow/green to your eye
Carotenoids
Accessory pigment
Enhances energy capture since it absorbs different areas of light spectrum
Appears yellow and orange to your eye

13. Pigment Absorbance Spectrum

14. Plants use Aerobic Respiration to get ATP

15. Today’s Experiment
Evaluate which light wavelengths are absorbed best by each pigment
Run paper chromatography
Separate pigments
Resuspend pigments into solvent
Measure absorbance spectrum