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Plant-Based Programming for Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment
Maddi Nagel, Cordelia Nemitz, Lily Matson, Liz Fischer, Holly Giovengo, Donna Pearson
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BRiTE Wellness Program at University of Pittsburgh
BRiTE Wellness Program: day program to promote brain health and stimulate compensatory strategies Population served: individuals with mild impairments in cognition Purpose: stimulate their brain with a goal of improving overall health and wellness Activities: music, creative expression, movement, SmartBrain (computer-based brain stimulation activities) & socialization Holly & Maddi (why this population)
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Research In pain management, associated with improved physical, mental health, coping ability with chronic muscle pain May improve well-being, sleep, med compliance, decrease falls Cognitive stimulation: problem solving, social and memory engagement, task initiation associated with improved mood (Alves, et al., 2014; Jean et al., 2010) Donna (plant-based) & Maddi Gonzalez MT, Hartig T, Patil GG, Martinsen EW, Kirkevold M. A prospective study of group cohesiveness in therapeutic horticulture for clinical depression. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2011;20:119–29. (Verra, Angst, Beck, Lehmann, Brioschi, & Schneiter, 2012) DOI /jocn.12388 Maddie notes: Cognitive intervention programs have been shown in research to be effective methods to improve mood and well-being of individuals with MCI. Cognitive stimulation activities (as described above) are included in this category. Therefore, we combined this research with the known benefits of horticulture based interventions to create our programming.
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Horticulture Gardening improves general physical health and prevention
Adapt to skill levels, abilities Improves memory, cognitive abilities, task initiation, and language skills Strengthens muscles, improves coordination, balance, and endurance Social integration Increases social and behavioral activation and mental well-being
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Goals Purpose: Engage older adults with mild cognitive impairment in interactive activities utilizing a multimodal and horticulture-based approach to increase socialization and positive mood. Liz
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Programming by Hartfords
Components of each presentation: Theme Research / Symbolism Sensory Activities Taste (tea, etc.) Touch Smell Effects of activity on the brain Open invitation to reminisce & share Pre/post-tests to measure mood Handouts Holly
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Growing Plants From Your Food Scraps
Tea: Ginger Tea and Lemon Education on benefits of plants Overview of plants that can be regrown Activity to plant pomegranate and papaya Effects of activity on the brain Lily
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Lily
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Winter Plants & Aromatherapy
Tea: Chamomile Tea with cranberries Tea benefits Plant symbolism Benefits of aromatherapy Essential oils Potpourri activity Garland Effects on the brain Cordelia
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Cordelia
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Happy Hydration: With Herbs and Other Plant-Based Foods
Benefit and importance of hydration Infusing water and tea with herbs and fruits Water sampling and discussion Herb planting: basil, parsley, rosemary Recipe hand-out Effects on brain Lily
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Lily
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Valentine’s Day Plant Symbolism Through Art, Chocolate, and Roses
Tea: Rose tea and benefits Plant symbolism Flower petal art Benefits of chocolate/chocolate tasting Effects on the brain Liz
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Liz
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Pre / Post Test Results Mood Coding Great = 5 Average Pre-Mood: 3.8
Happy = 4 In the middle = 3 Sad = 2 Depressed = 1 Average Pre-Mood: 3.8 Average Post-Mood: 4.2 Average Change in Mood: 0.3 Average Satisfaction Score: 4.8 Satisfaction Coding Very satisfied = 5 satisfied = 4 neutral = 3 unsatisfied = 2 very unsatisfied = 1 Holly
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Qualitative Results “Coloring is good for my inner child… and my adult child too!” “My plants are still growing and beautiful, I repotted them” “After the class on hydration, I used fruit in my water! It was good!” “Wow this is so lovely!” (during Valentine’s day class activity) Donna
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Lessons Learned / Implications for Social Work Practice
Moved from strictly plant-based to multi-modal Modified pre/post-test scale Incorporated more structure after first presentation (tasks & time) Space for storytelling Benefits of interactive activities Flexibility of programming to meet participant-specific needs (e.g. altering classroom lay-out, information dosing) Group
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References Alves, Alves-Costa, Magalhães, onçalves, Sampaio. (2014). Cognitive stimulation for Portuguese older adults with cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled trial of efficacy, comparative duration, feasibility, and experiential relevance. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias, 26(6), , retrieved from Diamant, E. & Waterhouse, A. (2010). Gardening and belonging: Reflections on how social and therapeutic horticulture may facilitate health, wellbeing and inclusion. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 73(2), doi: Gonzalez MT, Hartig T, Patil GG, Martinsen EW, Kirkevold M. A prospective study of group cohesiveness in therapeutic horticulture for clinical depression. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2011;20:119–29. Jean, L., Bergeron, M., Thivierge, S., & Simard, M. (2010). Cognitive intervention programs for individuals with mild cognitive impairment: Systematic review of the literature. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18(4), /JGP.0b013e3181c37ce9 Verra, M., Angst, F., Beck, T., Lehmann, S., Brioschi, R., & Schneiter, R. (2012). Horticultural therapy for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain: Results of a pilot study. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, 18(2),
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