1. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc .....>
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
Project: IEEE P WG for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: [Summary of ITRON Proposal to TG4g ]
Date Submitted: [May, 2009]
Source: [Daniel Popa, John Buffington] Company: [ITRON]
Address: [2111 N Molter Road, Liberty Lake, Washington 99019]
Voice: [ , ] [{daniel.popa,
Re: [ Response to CFP issued January 22nd 2009, document g ] Abstract: [] Purpose: [ Proposal for consideration of inclusion into PHY draft amendment ]
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

2. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc .....>
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
Agenda
Overview of proposal ( )
PHY & MAC Recommendations
Harmonization for slow/MAC FH solutions
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

3. Outline of ITRON’s Proposal to TG4g
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
Outline of ITRON’s Proposal to TG4g
Proposal focuses on
FHSS with slow/MAC hopping for (NA/EU) bands of
MHz
2.4 GHz
Channel bandwidth, channel spacing & channel assignments
Extensions to PHY Header of IEEE for
PHY transmission reliability
Co-existence of different networks
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

4. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc .....>
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
ITRON Proposal *
*Source: Benjamin Rolfe & al., “Common platform for narrow band frequency hopping PHY“, Document IEEE P g, May 7, 2009.
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

5. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc .....>
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
Proposal Features
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

6. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc .....>
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
Physical layer (PHY)
Common slow/MAC FHSS features: PHY Layer is by default in receiving mode and should not decide on its own to transmit. All its instructions, including packets to send, should come from the MAC layer:
Activation and deactivation of the radio transceiver
Channel frequency selection
Data transmission and reception
Measure of the received input power strength, i.e., RSSI
Extensions: PHY Layer measures and gives the received input power strength RSSI value on the current listening channel, as follows
per received packet : provides instantaneous RSSI and time of reception for the MAC layer
provides some RSSI averaging features (for LQI purposes)
MAC sub-layer
MAC layer is the synchronization & hopping manager
“Slow” hoping sequence, based on slot timing
Requires some additional services from PHY Layer
PHY should provide timing to MAC sub-layer
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

7. 802.15.4g Specification Modification
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
g Specification Modification
Modulation: 2-FSK / 2-GFSK:
propose 2-FSK/2-GFSK as common feature
can provide 100 kbps with adequate link margin
backward compatible with a number of existing (large) deployments of Utility Networks
low cost radio designs
optional future modulations: any “M” M-FSK, MSK, OFDM
Additional PHY definition?
Channel spacing & channel bandwidth:
channel spacing: ≤ MHz & ≤ GHz and as allowed by the FCC
channel bandwidth: 150 up to -20 dB for MHz & dB for 2.4 GHz
Channel assignments: fixed versus variable number of channels
a lower bound threshold (on channel page) for the number of channels should be enough; it depends on number of channels available by regulation
e.g., NA/FCC: minimum 50 MHz ; minimum 15 GHz
imposing only a lower bound threshold allows flexible design, implementation & planning trade-offs and increases the number of co-located networks (sharing the same “floor”); more available channels means more orthogonal hopping sequences
equal probability of using a hop/frequency for MHz
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

8. 802.15.4g Specification Modification
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
g Specification Modification
Data “whitening” (scrambling):
Make this optional: requires additional processing and may not always be needed
As optional feature, it simplifies implementation of hardware if receiver can tolerate long run lengths or 0’s and 1’s
Do we really need it with encryption (if encryption scrambles the MAC-PDU)?
Data bit rate:
Allow multiple bit rates: 20/50/100 kbps: backward compatibility for any existing systems
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

9. 802.15.4g Specification Modification(cont’d)
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
g Specification Modification(cont’d)
PHY Protocol Data Unit (PPDU)
MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) Payload
We would like to see 1024 Bytes but can migrate to 2048
Have concerns regarding error rate with larger packet sizes
Add some extensions to PHY header:
FEC or complementing bits for PHY header:
complementing bits (“light” FCS-like) for PHY header fields
optional header FEC: robustness of PHY header transmission over noisy floors with potential important gain in system sensitivity; yet, FEC for MAC-PDU can be useless effort if PHY header is frequently “damaged”
NID (Network ID):
fast response to attempts of joining cluster administrated by different utility providers during the Discovery Phase ;
efficiently tackles the cross-over traffic interferences when clock drifting makes that Rx/Tx from adjacent clusters (and thus with orthogonal hopping sequences) “hop” on identical channel within some time-slots
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

10. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc .....>
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
Attempt of joining a cluster administrated by a different (utility) provider
Cluster/Network ID_A
Cluster/Network ID_B
“Flooding” Discovery/other messages inside the right private network
“Flooding” Discovery/other messages towards a wrong private network
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

11. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc .....>
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
Extensions to PPDU PHY header: complementing bits (A) / FEC for reliability (B) A)
min 4
Preamble/ SYNCH 32
SHR
SFD
NID
Octets
Bits
Field
16/32
2/4 4
Reserved 2
PHR
Frame
length 10
NID-C
Reserved-C
length-C
PSDU
(MAC PPDU + optional FEC)
variable
PHY payload B)
min 4
Preamble/ SYNCH 32
SHR
SFD
NID
Octets
Bits
Field
16/32
2/4 4
Reserved 2
PHR
Frame
length 10
Optional FEC 16
PSDU
(MAC PPDU + optional FEC)
variable
PHY payload
PHY
Length
SFD
Preamble
MHz
2 octets
16 symbols
min 4 octets
32 symbols
2.4 GHz
4 octets
PHR: length w/ complementary bits: (4+2+10) x 2 = 4 Octets
PHR: length w/ FEC : (4+2+10) +16 = 4 Octets
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

12. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc .....>
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
g Specification Modification(cont’d)
Forward Error Correction (FEC) for PPDU payload
Optional feature to protect data against interferences/noise
Block coding FEC with an interleaved Reed-Solomon (38,28) coding
Allow support for multi-MAC protocols
Support multiple timing and resource sharing schemes: this allows existing low cost systems and future evolution for more complex systems to take advantage of the specification while driving radio costs down.
Transmit power:
Variable transmit power levels to be used, within regulatory limitations, to ensure proper balance between interferences and required link margin
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON> 12
<author>, <company>

13. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc .....>
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
Data Processing Diagram
MAC-PDU
Compute
CRC-32
FEC
(optional)
Data whitening/
scrambling
Generate
PHR
Preamble
insertion RF
MOD
De-scrambling (optional)
Data
Detection
Synch
RF DMOD
for PHY header
“PHY header processing”
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

14. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc .....>
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
Proposal Benefits
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

15. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc .....>
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
Proposal benefits
Provides a low cost implementation.
Provides some recommendations for improving the PHY Layer.
Can be harmonized with other slow FH systems.
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

16. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc .....>
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
Harmonization with other slow/MAC FHSS proposals (Referencing common platform documents)
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

17. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc .....>
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
Octets: variable 2 1
variable
Bits: variable 16 8 4 11
Preamble
SFD
Scrambler Seed
FCTRL E X T
Frame Length
PSDU
Includes FCS
SHR
PHR
PHY Payload
Source: g, May 7, 2009.
Octets: variable 2
variable
Bits: variable 16 4 1 11
Preamble
SFD
FCTRL E X T
Frame Length
PSDU
Includes FCS
SHR
PHR
PHY Payload
Octets: variable 2
variable
Bits: variable 16 1 4 11
Preamble
SFD
PHR Len R F U
Frame Length
PSDU
Includes FCS
SHR
PHR
PHY Payload
min 4
Preamble/ SYNCH 32
SHR
SFD
NID
Octets
Bits
Field
16/32
2/4 4
Reserved 2
PHR
Frame
length 10
NID-C
Reserved-C
length-C
PSDU
(MAC-PDU + FEC)
variable
PHY payload
min 4
Preamble/ SYNCH 32
SHR
SFD
NID
Octets
Bits
Field
16/32
2/4 4
Reserved 2
PHR
Frame
length 10
Optional FEC 16
PSDU
(MAC PPDU + FEC)
variable
PHY payload
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

18. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc .....>
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
min 4
Preamble/ SYNCH 32
SHR
SFD
NID
Octets
Bits
Field
16/32
2/4 4
Extension 1
PHR
Frame
length 11 2
PSDU
(MAC-PDU +
optional FEC)
variable
PHY payload
NID-C
Ext-C
Length-C 4 2 10
min 4
Preamble/ SYNCH 32
SFD
NID
Octets
Bits
Field
16/32
2/4 4
Ext 1
Frame
length 11 2
Other
extensions
PSDU
(MAC-PDU +
optional FEC)
variable
PHY payload
Optional FEC 16 2
Other
extensions
SHR
PHR
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

19. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc .....>
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009> 1 2 3 4 5 6
PHY
Parameter
Atmel
Elster
SSN TI
Wavenis
ITRON
Operating band
860MHz, 902MHz
2.4GHz
others possible
sub- GHz (e.g. 902 MHz), 2.4GHz
MHz
MHz
915MHz, 868MHz, MHz
2.4 GHz
Channel BW
> 2MHz, > 1 MHz
< 250 kHz
< dB down from peak
Variable
20kbps
150 kHz – 400 kHz
@ MHz
120 kHz
@ 2.4 Ghz
Channel spacing
c+4d (Digital Modulation)
300 kHz (FSK)
400 kHz
300 kHz
50 kHz
500 kHz @ MHz
1 MHz
@ 2.5 GHz
Modulation
GMSK, MFSK
FSK
M/FSK
2 & 4-GFSK
2-GFSK
2-FSK/2-GFSK
FEC
(for MAC-PPDU )
Binary Block Coding
None
(128,120,4) SECDED/BCH
BCH (31,21)
overhead 1/3
Optional
(block coding, Reed-Solomon)
Frequency Hopping
per PPDU or slower (MAC)
per PPDU (MAC)
MAC controlled
MAC
2-octet (PHY)
MAC controlled (per PPDU)
PHY frame structure:
MAX payload
2047 (FSK)
> 1500
2047
Per blocks of 320 bytes (data) [512 bytes total]
1024 bytes / 2048 bytes
SHR
Variable pre-able + 16 bit SFD
Variable pre +16 bit SFD
At least 32 bits preamble + 16 bit SFD
Preamble + SFD
Short Wake-up [40ms]
Long Wake-up [1s]
Preambles + 64-bit SFD
Variable preamble (at least 32 bits) + 16/32 bit SFD
CRC
CRC-32
CRC-16
PCB
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

20. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc .....>
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009> 1 2 3 4 5 6
Data Whitening
8-bit
Upper Layer
8-bit LFSR, variable seed
Yes
Not implemented
Optional
Data rate(s)
Variable; in NB 100 kbps and fractional rates (50, 25, …) w/spreading (repetition)
9.6kbps – 300kbps
100 kbps
50/100/200/400 kbps
20 to 100 kbps
Symbol / chip rate
2MHz, 1MHz, <0.5MHz
100 ksps
19,2 kcps
1 Symbol/bit
Transmit Power
As allowed by regulatory regimes
up to 0.25W
Up to 1W
10mW- 0.5W
Configurable, as allowed by regulatory regimes
PSD
Dynamic
TX Power Control
MAC and/or Higher Layer
Not available
Dynamic (done by MAC and/or higher Layer)
Chan availability (interference detection)
MAC or higher layer defined
RSSI
Link Quality Indicator
Hopping, Binary Block Coding
Hopping, interleaving + FEC
RSSI + per-hop packet success rate
Reliability enhancing features/methods
Hopping, LDC
Hopping
Hopping, CRC-32, scrambling
Hopping, FEC
Hopping, TX power ctrl
LDC
Hopping, CRC-32, Tx power control,
Self-healing features (e.g., multi-cell/path), FEC
Co-existence features
channel diversity
hopping
Channel diversity, LDC, TPC
Channel diversity (or hopping)
Co-located network support
Channel diversity
Split band into sub (2)
Channel Plan
Configurable (orthogonal) hopping sequence, some field of PHY header
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>

21. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
<May,2009>
doc.: IEEE <doc .....>
<May 2009>
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
Q & A
<Daniel Popa, John Buffington>, <ITRON>
<author>, <company>