1. The BRAIN
Chapter 3

2. Three sections of the brain
HINDBRAIN
MIDBRAIN
FOREBRAIN

3. HINDBRAIN: parts
Medulla – involved in vital functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing
Pons- located in front of medulla – involved in regulating body movement, attention, sleep, and alertness
Cerebellum- involved in balance and coordination

4. MIDBRAIN - parts
Reticular Activating System- (ras) – important for attention, sleep, and arousal – makes us alert

5. FOREBRAIN – parts:
Thalamus– serves as a relay station for sensory stimulation. Transmits sensory information
Hypothalamus- involved in many aspects of behavior and physiological functions – vital in regulating of body temperature, storage of nutrients, aspects of motivation and emotion, hunger, thirst, sexual behavior, caring for offspring, and aggression- can lead to unusual eating or drinking behaviors
Corpus Callosum- the structure that connects the two hemispheres

6. Limbic System- forms a fringe along the inner edge of the cerebrum- involved in learning, memory, emotion, hunger, sex, and aggression
Cerebrum- makes up large part of the brain about 70% of the weight – surface is called the cerebral cortex – outer layer of brain – makes us uniquely human – the part that thinks – deals with memory, language ,emotions, complex motor functions, perception, and more

7. Four lobes of the brain
Frontal- involved in motor control, motivation, planning, and emotion
Temporal- involved in hearing and memory
Occipital- involved in sight
Parietal- helps bring together information from the senses and
is involved in language

8. Nervous system body’s primary information system
Central Nervous System- consists of the brain and spinal cord
Spinal cord- connects the peripheral nervous system to the brain – info travels to and from the brain via the spinal cord
-deals with reflexes – enables pain reflex

9. Peripheral Nervous System
Links the central nervous system with the body’s receptors, muscles, and glands

10. Two components of the Peripheral Nervous System:
Somatic NS- controls movements of our skeletal muscles – transmits sensory messages to the central nervous system
Autonomic NS- controls the glands and the muscles of our internal organs regulates body’s vital functions (heartbeat, digestion, glandular activity)

11. Two parts of the Autonomic NS:
Sympathetic NS-arouses us for defensive action – accelerates heartbeat, slows digestion, raises blood pressure
Parasympathetic NS- restores body back to normal