1. Population Ecology

2. Spatial pattern An individual’s arrangement within a population may be
The spatial pattern also determines how the organisms will interact with one another

3. Range
geographic distribution of different species

4. What 2 factors determine range?
Abiotic and biotic
Predators, parasites, prey
Temperature, sunlight, water, wind

5. Population
a group of individuals from the same species that live in the same area at the same time

6. Demography
A change in the size of a population through time

7. Immigration indicates ________ ________
Growing populations!
When we look at the population size equation, we can look at the variables to determine whether the population is growing, declining, or at equilibrium
Which variable would tell us this?

8. Population size formula
∆N/ ∆ t = B + I - M - E
What does each variable mean?

9. Fecundity
the number of female offspring produced by each female in the population at a time

10. What are some life history tradeoffs?
Number of offspring
Size of offspring
How often does the female reproduce?
What kind of survivorship does the species have?

11. Give an example of an example of an organism with type III survivorship
Fish!
They tend to produce a lot of eggs because they have a low chance of survival, but then the ones that last will live out their life to a good age

12. What is the difference between clumped, uniform, and random spatial pattern?
Clumped tends to have individuals interact in smaller groups
Random means independent relations with other organisms
Uniform can be for the use of interacting with others, or having no interaction, depending on the situation

13. Metapopulation
a population of populations connected by migration

14. Survivorship
the proportion of offspring produced that survive, on average, to a particular age

15. Give an example of an organism with type 1 survivorship
People
We have a high number of offspring that survive childhood and then live out their life to an old age and die

16. Mark-recapture studies measure what?
Population abundance

17. Population density the number of individuals per unit area
Can change in different environments or ranges
Can be affected by distribution

18. Exponential equation is for ______ independent populations
Density

19. Population ecology
the study of how and why the number of individuals in a population changes over time