1. Matter

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3. Everything that has mass and volume is called matter.
What is matter?
Everything that has mass and volume is called matter.
Basic definition of matter.

4. The Nature of Matter Gold Mercury
Chemists are interested in the nature of matter and how this is related to its atoms and molecules.

5. STATES OF MATTER
_______ — have rigid shape, fixed volume. External shape can reflect the atomic and molecular arrangement.
Reasonably well understood.
_______ — have no fixed shape and may not fill a container completely.
Not well understood.
_______ — expand to fill their container.
Good theoretical understanding.

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7. Can it be physically separated?
Matter Flowchart
MATTER
yes no
Can it be physically separated?
MIXTURE
PURE SUBSTANCE
Is the composition uniform? no
yes
Can it be chemically decomposed? no
yes
Homogeneous Mixture
(solution)
Heterogeneous Mixture
Compound
Element

8. Types of Mixtures Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances.
Heterogeneous – visibly separate phases
Homogeneous – Same throughout

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Homework Pages 9 and 10

15. Page 10 & 11 Homework 13 & 14

16. Kinetic Nature of Matter
Matter consists of atoms and molecules in _____.

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18. Physical Properties What are some physical properties? color
melting and boiling point
odor

19. Graphite — layer structure of carbon atoms reflects physical properties.

20. Physical Changes Some physical changes would be boiling of a liquid
can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
Some physical changes would be
boiling of a liquid
melting of a solid
dissolving a solid in a liquid to give a homogeneous mixture — a SOLUTION.

21. Chemical Properties and Chemical Change
Burning hydrogen (H2) in oxygen (O2) gives H2O.
Chemical change or chemical reaction — transformation of one or more atoms or molecules into one or more different molecules.

22. Sure Signs of a Chemical Change
Heat
Light
Gas Produced (not from boiling!)
Precipitate – a solid formed by mixing two liquids together

23. Physical vs. Chemical physical Examples: melting point chemical
flammable
density
magnetic
tarnishes in air

24. Physical vs. Chemical Examples: rusting iron dissolving in water
burning a log
melting ice
grinding spices

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Homework page 16

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27. How do we separate a mixture?
Differences in properties such as:
density
particle size
molecular polarity
boiling point and freezing point
Solubility
These differences permit physical separation

28. Three Methods
Filtration
Distillation
Chromatography

29. Separation techniques
Filtration
Separates by Solubility
Examples
Sand and Water
Precipitate and Solvent
Coffee, (AKA-Life’s Blood)
Purpose
Separate Solids from Liquids 30

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31. Separation techniques
Distillation
Boiling Point
Examples
Petroleum Products
Gasoline
Propane
Liquors
Purpose
Separates Liquids 32

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33. Separation techniques
Chromatography
Density and Polarity
Examples
DNA
Pigments
Purpose
Separates Dissolved Substances 34

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