1. Civil WAR

2. What is more significant in winning a war: having the “will” or having the “weapons”?

3. Aim: Was the north destined to win the civil war?
Vocab
Union Lincoln, George McClellan, Ulysses S. Grant
Confederacy Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee
Battle of Gettysburg
Battle of Antietam
Essential Questions:
How do you qualify advantages in war time?
What is more significant in winning a war: having the “will” or having the “weapons”?
Describe the strongest arguments for why each side is “right” in
their reasons for war?

5. Deaths in American wars
CIVIL WAR
620,000
KOREAN WAR
54,000
WORLD WAR I 112,000
WAR OF ,000
SPANISH AMERICAN WAR 2,000
WORLD WAR II
405,000
VIETNAM WAR 58,000
REVOLUTIONARY WAR 4,000
MEXICAN WAR 13,000

6. Southern Attitudes on the War
“A reckless and unprincipled tyrant has invaded our soil. Abraham Lincoln, regardless of all moral, legal and constitutional restraints, has thrown his abolitionist hosts among you, who are murdering and imprisoning your citizens, confiscating and destroying your property, and committing acts of violence and outrage, too shocking and revolting to humanity to be enumerated.”
--Confederate General Pierre Beauregard (1861)
“The gage is thrown down and we accept the challenge. We will meet the invader, and God and Battle must decide the issue between the hirelings of abolition hate and northern tyranny, and the people of South Carolina defending their freedom and their homes.”
--Editorial in the Charleston Mercury (SC) (1861)

7. Union Confederacy More military age men and greater population.
Know the land, most of the war was fought in the South (can ambush the Northern soldiers).
Factories – to make weapons 
Economic resources (due to factories)  
800,000 person army
Created a blockade to limit the economic resources of the South. 
Fight to uphold the Constitution (strict interpretation of the Constitution) – that the government cannot take “property” – 5th Amendment (slaves in this case); Framers left slaves out of the Constitution and therefore they are not citizens; and that states and individuals get to keep their individuality, live for themselves - without federal government interference.
Rail Road – fast transportation of supplies 
Homes and land not destroyed because most of the battles are fought in the South. 
Moral argument – slavery is wrong 
The point of the Union was to gain independence from Great Britain and unify the colonies into one country, so that idea should be supported.
States backed the idea to secede from the union.
Had some Rail Roads

9. Railroad Lines, 1860

10. The Union & Confederacy in 1861

11. Soldiers’ Occupations: North/South Combined

12. The Leaders of the Confederacy
Pres. Jefferson Davis
VP Alexander Stevens

13. The Confederate “White House”

14. MOTTO  “With God As Our Vindicator”
The Confederate Seal
MOTTO  “With God As Our Vindicator”

15. Overview of the North’s Civil War Strategy:
“Anaconda Plan”

16. The “Anaconda” Plan

17. 1861: The War Begins The Eastern Front (Virginia)

18. 1862: Battle on the sea!

19. African-American Recruiting Poster

20. Recruiting Blacks in NYC

21. The Famous 54th Massachusetts

22. George McClellan, Again!
Lincoln’s Generals
Winfield Scott
Joseph Hooker
Ulysses S. Grant
Irwin McDowell
George McClellan
George Meade
Ambrose Burnside
George McClellan, Again!

23. McClellan: I Can Do It All!

24. The Confederate Generals Nathan Bedford Forrest
“Stonewall” Jackson
Nathan Bedford Forrest
George Pickett
Jeb Stuart
James Longstreet
Robert E. Lee

25. 2017: Removal of Robert e. lee statue new orleans

26. The Western Theatre (Shiloh, Tennessee Vicksburg, Mississippi)

27. Key battles
1861: Manassas, Bull Run – south wins, shows they have a chance.
1862: Antietam, MD – Bloodiest day, McClellan knew Lee’s plan but still attacked too slow, leading to a draw. Lincoln fired him. Lincoln also issued the Emancipation Proclamation that freed the slaves in the south. Otherwise, north kept losing battles, like in Fredericksburg VA.

28. Battle of Gettysburg Most amount of casualties Bloodiest Battle
North wins, all hope of foreign intervention is eliminated.
Lincoln gave his famous speech that all men are created equal.

29. Sherman’s March to the Sea Georgia (South/Western Theatre)
From Tennessee Through Georgia, all the way to South Carolina
Burned down plantations, homes, entire cities
Total destruction / “Total War”

30. Sherman Quotes
"War is cruelty, and you cannot refine it" ...Sherman to the leadership of Atlanta, prior to Burning the City.
"I tell You, War is Hell!"  . . . From Sherman's speech to graduating Ohio Cadets in 1880.
"My aim, then, was to whip the rebels, to humble their pride, to follow them to their inmost recesses, and make them fear and dread us. Fear is the beginning of wisdom. " William T. Sherman

31. Battle of Antietam “Bloodiest Single Day of the War”
September 17, 1862
23,000 casualties

32. Group Work Directions:
Take on the role of news reporters in Half the group will present from the northern perspective and the other half will present from the southern perspective.
You must write a newspaper article that addresses why your side is “destined” to win the Civil War. You must use at least five (5) important facts from the handouts/lecture.
Finally, create a recruitment advertisement that outlines the tactics and new weapons that will be used to fight this war. .