1. EVOLUTION

2. After the test
Place your answer sheet in the folder on the front desk and your test on the pile
Turn to a blank page in your binder and make a title page: Adaptations and Evolution
Copy the objectives
- explain how fossil evidence supports the theory of evolution
- Explain how genetic variation and environmental factors contribute to natural selection
- Explain how the inability of a species to adapt can lead to extinction
Draw and color pictures depicting topics you think might be related to evolution

3. On the back of the article on Finches, Create a Title: Evolution
After the Test:
Place your answer sheet in the folder on the front desk and your test on the pile
On the back of the article on Finches, Create a Title: Evolution
Read the Darwins Finches article and write and answer the following questions under the title
What main difference did Darwin notice about the birds?
After observing the many types of finches, what conclusion did he come to about the finches?3.
Beak differences among the finches were a result of:
a. Natural selection b. Different diets
c. Breeding with other birds d. a and b
In recent years, what caused one of Darwin’s finches to develop a smaller beak?
Define evolution
Define natural selection
7. Draw pictures to illustrate your idea of Natural selection

4. Bellwork –tuesday use your background knowledge and WHAT YOU READ Friday to help you answer the following questions
T/F A species is a group of organisms that are similar to each other.
T/F Individual organisms can evolve.
Give an example of “survival of the fittest”
Why do you think islands are a good place for scientists to conduct research?

5. EQ: WHAT The Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection What is Evolution?
Evolution is the gradual change in a species over time.
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6. Who was Darwin and what did he observe?
Charles Darwin - a naturalist
Naturalist - studies plants and animals by observing them
He sailed around the world on the HMS Beagle
He developed a theory of how evolution can take place

7. http://videos. howstuffworks
channel/ greatest-discoveries-the- start-of-darwins-theory-video.htm
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8. As you watch – list organisms and their adaptations that help them survive in the Galapagos islands

9. Darwin’s Observations
Differences among species:
Tortoises – different shaped shells
Finches – different shaped beaks
some were so different that they were from different species
Variations – a slight difference in inherited traits in members of a species
each island had a different environment.

10. Finches had different shaped beaks.
He wondered if they all evolved from the same species.

11. Darwin’s Conclusions:
There was a relationship between species and their food source
Long necked tortoise - on islands with cactus
Short necked tortoise on islands with grass
The different species must have shared a common ancestor and their characteristics changed over time to match the environment
Adaptations – an inherited trait that increases an organisms chance of surviving and reproducing.

12. What other Scientist’s Theories influenced Darwin?
1. Charles Lyell: said the earth changes over time Darwin thought if the earth changed over time, what about life?

13. 2. Lamark - Proposed that organisms acquire traits they need to survive
They change their characteristics by using/not using parts of their bodies
He thought that enhanced characteristics would be passed on to offspring.

14. Lamark made one mistake
Lamark’s mistake – he was observing acquired characteristics - they do not become part of the DNA that is passed on
Inherited characteristics – are passed on through the DNA
changes in the DNA are caused by mutations.

15. With your shoulder partner
Divide a sheet of paper into two columns and title the first one Inherited Characteristics. Title the second column Acquired Characteristics.
1.In the second column, list the characteristics that you believe you have always had. For example, you may have brown eyes or curly hair.
2. In the first column, list your acquired characteristics. For example, you may have learned how to play a musical instrument.
3. Which of the items in your lists do you think you might pass on to your children? Explain your answer.

16. 3. Thomas Malthus: A struggle for survival exists.
Populations are limited by the amount of food, disease, competition, and predation
Organisms that survived probably had traits that helped them survive that they passed on to their offspring

17. What was Darwin’s Theory
Most evolution happens through the natural selection of advantageous traits
Natural Selection – the process by which populations with helpful variations - live longer and compete better and reproduce more than those that do not have those variations

18. Exit
What is evolution?
What is an adaptation? What example of an adaptation do you see in the picture to the right.
Describe what happens in natural selection
How might this moth species evolve ?

19. Bellwork wednesday What is evolution?
Describe what happens in natural selection
Explain why we say that individual organisms don’t evolve.
Explain this cartoon

20. What are the 4 parts of Natural Selection?
Natural selection is the process by which organisms that inherit advantageous traits tend to reproduce more that the other organisms do. “survival of the fittest” tion.html

21. Reproduction
An organism produces many offspring that inherit its characteristics ex/ fish have hundreds of offspring, only a small number will survive

22. Variation
There are natural differences in traits in the organisms, some give them an advantage that is passed on to offspring
Ex.

23. Competition
As animals compete for resources – the ones with the advantages will survive and pass on their traits to the next generation

24. Selection
Over many generations, the advantageous trait becomes more common in the population as it is passed on to other generations

25. What is Artificial selection?
Instead of nature picking desired traits, humans select them (selective breeding)

26. Artificial selection (selective breeding)

27. What

28. Natural Selection Video
-fittest-natural-selection-and-adaptation

29. Foldable instructions: 20pts
On the inside bottom flap, draw and color an imaginary species of organisms and show how their species might evolve through natural selection (8 pts)
Put captions on your pictures to describe the process happening as your species evolves through natural selection. (2 points)
Make sure you answer the review questions on back.

30. PARTS OF NATURAL SELECTION

31. Bellwork thurs
Describe how the illustration above illustrates natural selection
What did Darwin observe on the Galapagos islands
There are 6 fish in the tank. 3 are green and 3 are red. A new predator fish is added to the tank and 2 of the red fish disappear. Which part of natural selection is being observed?

32. Finch identification
finch/

33. Most species produce more offspring than can possibly survive
Bellwork -fri
Most species produce more offspring than can possibly survive
Create a flow chart about natural selection. Complete the flowchart by writing a sentence and a word describing each factor that leads to natural selection.
What is an adaptation?
Interpret this cartoon.

34. EQ: How do species change over time?
by becoming better adapted to their environment through natural selection.
Sometimes they evolve so much that they can no longer reproduce with the rest of the species – they become a new species.

35. What are adaptations?
characteristics that help a species survive and reproduce

36. What are some types of adaptations
Structural – physical characteristics that help an organism survive in its environment
Color, shape etc…
Behavioral – the way an animal acts to help it survive in its environment
Night hunting, herds
Functional – internal body systems that affect biochemistry
hibernation

37. Adaptations Adaptations video Video Reviewm

38. Natural selection and adaptations – Jigsaw activity
With your table, read about your example of natural selection
For each example:
The name of your organism
How the organism changes – what new adaptations the species has developed over time
How the adaptation has made them more successful in their environment

39. Exit ticket:
Identify the following adaptations as structural or behavioral and describe how they might help the organism survive or reproduce in it’s environment:
A beaver builds a lodge (dam)
Butterfly’s long tongue
A frogs skin that looks like a dead leaf
A bird’s mating ritual
What do you think would happen to a species if it couldn’t adapt?

40. Bellwork 12/12
Define natural selection and list the 4 things necessary for evolution to happen
Define evolution
Define adaptation
A farmer grew 3 kinds of tomato plants to see which produced the most fruit.
Plant A 10 tomatoes
Plant B 30 tomatoes
Plant C 13 tomatoes
What is his independent variable,
what is his dependent variable
Create a bar graph comparing the types of tomatoes

41. Evolution Lab
You will have about 5 minutes at each station. Make sure to QUIETLY conduct your investigation
Remember to record your data and your group data for each beak
Clean up after your group at each station.
When you are finished, complete your analysis and conclusions and remember to make a proper bar graph for each kind of beak
Hand in your lab into the appropriate tray when finished.
Anyone who is unable to cooperate will complete an alternate activity.

42. Bellwork: 12/16
A student is conducting an experiment to see if video game exercise is as effective as the real thing. The following is their heartrate
What is the independent variable (x)
What is the dependent variable (y)
Create a double bar graph to show data
Volunteer
Video game
Real sport A 75 76 B 54 64 C 72 78

43. After the quiz
Complete the Fossil Hunt reading worksheet. Answer questions 5-8 in worksheet, and questions on the back.

44. Bellwork
Questionss from fossil hunt – on index card

45. Evidence of Evolution

46. What evidence supports evolution
Fossil Evidence
Common Structures
Similar DNA
Developmental Similarities

47. Bellwork – 12/9
During the industrial revolution, the peppered moth was white with small black speckles. Over time it evolved to being almost black in parts of the UK because of heavy industrial pollution. The change made it less obvious to predators against backgrounds of grime and soot. Now in post-industrial Britain, 200 years after Darwin's birth, the moth is changing back to its original white color as air pollution is cleaned up.
1. Why do you think there were more black moths after the industrial revolution?
2. How might the black color have been an advantage to the moths survival?
3. Why do you think there are now more white moths?
4. How do you think moth color might be different in the country rather than in the cities?

48. Bellwork 12/9
The picture shows tortoises from different islands in the Galapagos. Use what we have learned to write 2 or 3 sentences inferring why the tortoises from different islands look different. Include what process may have caused the differences?
In Friday’s lab we used different tools to represent different types of bird beaks. This is an example of: natural selection/genetic variation
In most cases the birds with a spoon beak had the best adapation/competition to pick up the macaroni.
Camoflage and Hunting at Night are both examples of adaptations/mutations that help organisms survive
What is the main process that has to happen for evolution to take place?