1. THE Universe
Discuss the universe, space, planets, the big bang

2. “We have a universe. It is a wondrous place and beautiful too
“We have a universe. It is a wondrous place and beautiful too. And it was done in the time it takes to make a sandwich” ̴Bill Bryson
All the energy and matter required for the building of the universe 3 – 5 minutes

3. The Universe What is it? How did it begin? Has it always been here?
The study of the Universe, Cosmology
Universe: The totality of matter, energy, and space, including the Solar System, the galaxies, and the contents of the space between the galaxies.
Cosmology: The philosophical study of the origin and nature of the universe.

4. Recipe for the Universe
One proton shrunk down to one billionth of its size Add Every particle of matter and all energy you can find Squeeze into a place so infinitesimally small it has no dimensions at all
Proton: microscopic part of an atom, one dot can contain

5. Yum, your ready to make a Universe!!

6. Before the Universe there was nothing………… but Singularity
Singularity= A single point of energy so compact it has no dimensions. Time and space don’t exist, there is no past….

7. Singularity = A single point of energy so compact it has no dimensions
Singularity contained all the matter and energy required to make a universe = Goldilocks conditions
Time and space don’t exist, there is no past, there is no future, no light no dark!

8. In a Single Blinding Pulse

9. BIG BANG………….
In a moment beyond comprehension, the ingredients combined to create the beginning of the universe From Singularity to everything there ever is or ever will be in the universe was formed in less than 5 mins t = 0 to t = 5 mins

10. Made from three kinds of particles: Proton (+) Neutron Electron (-)
Atom: The matter from which all things are made
Proton: (Positive electrical charge)
Neutron: (No electrical charge)
Electron: (Negative electric charge)

11. What Happened? 13.7 Billion years ago a reaction occurred
After the initial expansion the universe cooled sufficiently to allow formation of subatomic particles, protons, neutrons and electrons
Electromagnetism, gravity, Strong and Weak Nuclear Forces
Thousands of years passed before electronically charged atoms formed
Nuclear reactions create lighter gasses such as hydrogen, helium and lithium
Giant clouds of primordial elements coalesced through gravity to form stars and galaxies
Massive heat at time of big bang, 100 million trillion trillion degrees Celsius
Cooling allowed formation of protons, electrons and neutrons
Formation of atoms allowed life as we know it to be buily, starting with simple gassess which formed stars and galaxies
Gravity was created in such a way as to allow the formation on the universe. Any difference in gravity may have resulted in the elements being too unstable to create planets such as earth!

12. Working with Billions and Trillions
1 Million = One thousand thousand or or 10⁶
1 Billion = One thousand million; or 10⁹
1 Trillion = One thousand Billion; or 10¹²
1 Billion trillion = or 10²¹
Ask

13. Big Bang first second……….
One ten-millionth of a trillionth of a trillionth second after the Big Bang time and space had begun One ten billion trillion trillionths of a second after the big bang universe had expanded to the size of a pea. matter in the form of electrons and positrons had formed. Collision if particles releasing energy One ten thousandths of a second later protons and neutrons had formed. One hundredth of a second later, Universe expanding and cooling rapidly. It had grown to the same size as our solar system One second after the big bang the universe was approximately more than a trillion trillion kilometres across and had cooled to about ten billion degrees Celsius
Relate trillion kilometres to span of earth

14. Video Big bang
Ok so watch video and answer questions, also with help of handout draw and describe in your own words the big bang.
Note: We have discussed the big bang as fact, however there has been debate over this theory for a long time. In the next lesson we will discuss the theorys for and agans the big bang.

15. Big Bang Activity
Work in groups or alone to answer questions

16. Expansion of the Universe balloon Activity

17. Glossary of Terms
Singularity: A single point of energy so compact it has no dimensions. Time and space don’t exist, there is no past, present or future
Big Bang: The cosmic explosion that marked the origin of the universe approximately 13.7 million years ago
Atom: The atom is the smallest unit that defines the chemical elements and their isotopes. Every material object, or substance that can be touched and felt, is made up of atoms
Electromagnetism: The force behind almost all phenomena. It holds electrons and protons inside atoms
The electromagnetic force is behind almost all the phenomena we encounter in daily life, with the exception of gravity. It holds electrons and protons together inside atoms (as virtual photons) and it holds atoms together within matter. It governs all the processes involved in chemistry,

18. Conclusion