1. Elements of Fiction Setting Mood & Tone Character Dialogue & Dialect
Plot
Foreshadowing
Theme
Irony
Point of View
Flashback
Symbolism
Imagery
Style

2. the time, place or period in which the action takes place
Setting
the time, place or period in which the action takes place
Can establish the atmosphere of a story
Sensory Details
“During the whole of a dull, dark, and soundless day in the autumn of the year, when the clouds hung oppressively low in the heavens, I had been passing alone, on horseback, through a singularly dreary tract of country.”
“The Fall of the House of Usher” by Edgar Allan Poe

3. The people (or animals, things, etc
The people (or animals, things, etc. presented as people) appearing in a story.
Types of Characters:
Protagonist-The leading character in a story who possess the main conflict.
Antagonist- The character who opposes, is working against the protagonist
Character
Static Characters:
Do not experience personal change
Static= Same
Dynamic Characters: Experience a personal change throughout the story
Dynamic= Different

4. CHARACTERIZATION:
An author can give information about a character by describing several aspects of the character:
Physical appearance & Personality (Character Traits)
Speech, behavior, actions thoughts and feelings of the character
Interactions with other characters, how other characters behave, act, feel, speak to and think about the character
The author’s direct comments about the character

5. Narration POINT-OF-VIEW 1st Person 3rd person
One character’s point of view
“I”, “We”, “Me”
3rd person
Narrated by someone outside the story
“he”, “she”, “they”, “them”
Objective: told by someone who just tells the story and does not show any character’s emotions or thoughts
Limited: told by someone who can see, feel and hear ONLY ONE of the characters emotions and thoughts
Omniscient: told by someone who can see, feel and hear ALL of the characters emotions and thoughts

6. The series of events and actions that takes place in a story.
Plot
The series of events and actions that takes place in a story.
Climax: The turning point. Not always overly exciting.
If it doesn’t happen the story will continue in the same direction
Falling Action: all of the action which follows the Climax.
Rising Action: the series of conflicts and crisis in the story that lead to the climax.
Resolution: The conclusion, the tying together of all of the threads.
Exposition: The start of the story.

7. Character VS Character External Character VS Nature
Plot cont.
(Rising Action)
Conflict
Character VS Character
External
Character VS Nature
Character VS Society
Character VS Himself
Internal

8. THEME
Lesson or moral learned in the story
Central idea of the story
Never just one word!

9. SYMBOLISM
A symbol is something concrete—such as a person, place, or object—that signifies something more than just itself, something abstract, such as a concept or an idea.
Some symbols you will probably be familiar with already.
A heart symbolizes ___________________
A dove symbolizes ___________________

10. STYLE
Style is the way writers express their ideas. It’s how they say something, not what they say. Style involves these three elements:
Word choice
Sentence structure and length
Literary devices, such as figurative language, symbols, dialogue, and imagery

11. The writer’s attitude toward the subject matter.
Tone
The writer’s attitude toward the subject matter.
Mood
The mood of a literary work is the feelings that a writer wants readers to have while reading. It’s the atmosphere that’s created. Writers can choose words, phrases, and images to create a whole range of moods—from anger and sadness to excitement and fear.

12. It is written conversation between
Dialogue
It is written conversation between
two or more characters. Writers use dialogue to bring characters to life and to give readers insights into the characters’ qualities, traits, and reactions to other characters.

13. Dialects may feature unique pronunciations, vocabulary, and grammar.
A dialect is a form of a language that is spoken in a particular place or by a particular group of people.
Dialects may feature unique pronunciations, vocabulary, and grammar.
Dialect

14. Foreshadowing Foreshadowing occurs when a writer
provides hints that suggest future events in a story.
Foreshadowing creates suspense and makes readers eager
to find out what will happen.

15. are techniques writers use to express irony.
Irony is a contrast between what is expected and what actually exists or happens. Exaggeration and sarcasm
are techniques writers use to express irony.
Dramatic- When the audience knows something the characters do not.
Situational- When a situation does not have the expected outcome
Verbal-When a characters says one thing but means another

16. Flashback A flashback is an interruption of
the action to communicate events that took place at an earlier time.
It provides information that can help a reader better understand a character’s current situation.

17. Imagery
Imagery consists of words and phrases that appeal to a reader’s five senses. Writers use sensory details to help the reader imagine how things look, feel, smell,
sound, and taste.