1. What are the fundamentals of graphic novels

3. What are graphic novels?
Huh?
What are graphic novels?
A graphic novel is a format not a genre. Graphic novels can be fiction, non-fiction, personal narratives, and anything in between.
Like comic books, graphic novels use sequential art to tell a story. Some of the most popular:
Manga
Superhero
Personal narratives
Non-fiction

4. Basic Vocabulary for Graphic Novels
Panel- a visual or implied boundary, and the contents within it, that tell a piece of the story
Gutter- The space between the panels. In this space, the reader moves from one panel to the next and comes to a conclusion about what is happening.
Balloon-Found inside of a panel, graphic novel balloons commonly create visual boundaries

6. Types of Story Panels The types of Content Panels
Word panel, Image panel, word and image panel
Types of Story Panels
Plot Panel
Character panel
Setting panel
Conflict panel
Rising Action
6. Climax panel
7. Resolution panel
8. Symbols panel
9. Theme panel
10. Foreshadowing panel
11. Combination story panels

9. Different types of Gutter
Moment-to-moment
From one panel to the next panel, readers witness little closure and instead simply see something from one instance to the next.

10. Action-to-action
Between these panels, readers see a single subject going through specific transitions.

11. Subject-to-subject
While sticking with a single idea, these panels move the reader from one subject to the next subject, often progressing the storyline. McCloud reminds us to “note the degree of reader involvement necessary to render these transitions meaningful.”

13. Scene-to-scene
In reading these panels, readers often need to exercise deductive reasoning, for these panels move the reader across “significant distances of time and space.”

14. Aspect-to-aspect
Because these gutters ask readers to think about the feelings or emotions being conveyed from one panel to the next panel, they are comparable to tone or mood.

15. Non-sequitur
This gutter is used to make a point: sometimes depicting symbolism, sometimes conveying confusion, and sometimes foreshadowing something to come later.

16. Different Balloon Types
Word Balloon
Story Balloon
Thought Balloon
Dialogue Balloon
Sound Effect Balloon
Balloon-less Balloons
Word Balloon

17. Story Balloon
Thought Balloon

18. Dialogue Balloon
Sound Effect Balloon

19. Balloon-less balloon

20. P E R S C T I V