1. Poetry

2. Poetry—concentrated language consisting of rhythm and sound
Prose—everyday language

3. Metrical Writing Meter—regular rhythm in language
Broken into Syllables:
U Unstressed
/ Stressed

4. Metrical Lines
1. A one-foot line is called monometer. 2. A two-foot line is called dimeter. 3. A three-foot line is called trimeter. 4. A four-foot line is called tetrameter. 5. A five-foot line is called pentameter. 6. A six-foot line is called hexameter. When it is a pure iambic line, it may be called an alexandrine. 7. A seven-foot line is called heptameter. 8. A eight-foot line is called octameter.

5. Metrical Feet & Symbols
iamb: a light stress followed by a heavy stress. U /
trochee: a heavy stress followed by a light stress. / U
dactyl: a heavy stress followed by two light stresses. / U U
anapest: two light stresses followed by a heavy stress. U U /
spondee: two equal stresses. - -

6. This above all to thine own self
be true.

7. U / U / U / U /
This above all to thine own self
U /
be true.

8. U / U / U / U /
This above all to thine own self
U /
be true.

9. Pentameter Penta—5 Meter—regular rhythm in language
Pentameter—a regular rhythm reoccurring five times in one line of poetry
Iambic Pentameter—A line of poetry consisting of five iambs

10. Rhyme Scheme
The frequency or pattern where the last word in a line of poetry rhymes with the last word in other lines. When the stars threw down their spears a And water’d heaven with their tears, a Did He smile His work to see? b Did He who made the lamb make thee? b (William Blake, The Tyger)

11. Blank Verse Unrhymed Iambic Pentameter
The last a line of poetry consisting of
word of five iambs
each line
doesn’t
rhyme

12. Length, Breadth, & Rhyme Couplet aa bb cc dd, etc.
Tercet, or Triplet aaa bbb ccc ddd,etc.
Quatrain abab cdcd, etc.
Terza Rima aba bcb cdc ded, etc.
Spenserian Stanza abab bcbc c
(the first eight lines are always iambic pentameter; the final line is always an alexandrine).

13. Sonnet
The sonnet is a poem of fourteen lines; traditionally it uses iambic pentameter.
Italian sonnet abba abba cdd cee
English sonnet abab cdcd efef gg

14. Sounds
Alliteration—the repetition of the initial sound of words in a line or lines of verse.
Assonance—the repetition of vowel sounds within words in a line or lines of verse.
Onomatopoeia—the use of a word that, through its sound as well as its sense, represents what it defines.

15. Figurative Language
The language of the poem is also the language of one thing compared to another thing.
In figurative language, a familiar thing is linked to an unknown thing, as a key, to unlock the mystery, or some part of the mystery, of the thing that is unknown.

16. Figurative Language Simile—a comparison using “like” or “as”
Metaphor—an implicit rather than an explicit comparison.
Personification—when one gives a physical characteristic or innate quality of animation to something that is inanimate, or to an abstraction.
Allusion—a reference to something that belongs properly to a world beyond the specific sphere of the poem.
Universal Images—images, characters, motifs, or patterns that recur in the myths, dreams, oral traditions, songs, literature, and other texts of peoples widely separated by time and place.