1. U.S. FOREIGN POLICY

2. Goals of U.S. Foreign Policy
What is a Foreign Policy?
Our relationship with other countries
Isolation or Intervention ??
Goals of U.S. Foreign Policy:
“To create a more secure, democratic, and prosperous world for the benefit of the American people and the international community.”
- U.S. State Department

3. Goals of US Foreign Policy
National Security
Free and Open Trade
World Peace
Democratic Governments
Concern for Humanity

4. TOOLS OF FOREIGN POLICY

5. DIPLOMACY Negotiating disputes between the US and other nations OR
the US helping to settle disputes between two other nations
Example: Camp David Accords

6. Map of states and territories with which the U. S
Map of states and territories with which the U.S. has no official diplomatic relations.

7. AID
Economic Aid
Sending money or giving financial support to foreign countries
Ex: Lend-Lease, Marshall Plan
Military Aid
Military assistance
Ex: help those feel most critical to the realization of our foreign policy goals (Middle East, Libya recently)

8. AID
Humanitarian Aid
material or logistical assistance, typically in response to crises including natural disasters
Ex: help to Haiti, medical care, food and water to Africa

9. TREATIES & AGREEMENTS
Official agreements between the US and foreign countries
Ex: NATO, NAFTA

10. Sanctions
Withdrawing US benefits from foreign countries to force them to cease certain activities
How:
withholding loans, arms or economic aid
restricting trade
EX: Cuba, Iraq under Hussein

11. Military Intervention
Using military force to settle disputes with other nations
Ex: Korea, Vietnam, Persian Gulf, War on Terrorism

12. Key Organizations NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Mutual defense alliance created between the US, Canada, and western Europe after WWII

13. Key Organizations United Nations
Created after WWII as a forum to allow nations to settle their disputes peacefully
Today consists of 193 ”peace-loving” nations
Three Major Goals:
Preserve world peace and security
Encourage nations to deal fairly with each other
Help nations cooperate to try to solve social and economic problems

14. How is Foreign Policy Carried Out???

15. Secretary of State President’s top advisor on Foreign Policy
Cabinet official
Rex Tillerson

16. Ambassadors Our representative in foreign nations
They work at an EMBASSY: a location in a foreign country that belongs to the US

17. National Security Advisor
Chief advisor to the Pres. on national security issues
Not a member of the cabinet
Keith Kellogg (interim)

18. CIA Central Intelligence Agency
Gather information about other countries and gov’ts
“spies”

19. Get with either 1 or 2 partners Grab a book Complete the timeline!

20. DEVELOPMENT of U.S. Foreign Policy
More Things You Should Remember from World History

21. 1789- early 1900s: ISOLATIONISM
Isolationism established in George Washington’s Farewell Address
1823
Monroe Doctrine warned Europe that the Americas were closed to future colonization by Europe
Aka: STAY OUT!!

22. 1789- early 1900s: Isolationism
1898
Spanish-American War
Imperialism
US begins making a name for itself on the world stage
1900
Roosevelt Corollary: US becomes police power in the Caribbean and Latin America
US will enforce the Monroe Doctrine

23. WORLD GOES TO WAR (Twice!)
1917
US enters WWI “to make the world safe for democracy”
1919 – Treaty of Versailles ends WWI
Senate refuses to ratify the treaty because it includes the League of Nations
US reverts to isolationism again

24. WORLD GOES TO WAR (Twice!)
1941
Japan attacks US naval base at Pearl Harbor
U.S. enters WWII
After WWII, U.S. becomes a world power
New role = Globalization

25. COLD WAR PERIOD 1947 Truman Doctrine: Policy of Containment
Marshall Plan: US spends money to rebuild Europe
Korean Conflict

26. COLD WAR PERIOD 1954 Domino Theory 1963 Cuban Missile Crisis 1964-1973
Vietnam Conflict

27. COLD WAR PERIOD 1970s Détente Nixon’s visit to China 1980s
Iran-Contra Affair (“arms for hostages”)
1991
Cold War ends with fall of Berlin Wall

28. MODERN PERIOD (post-Cold War)
1991
Persian Gulf War
2001
9-11 terrorist attacks
Policy = preemption
War on Terrorism
Operation Enduring Freedom (Afghanistan)
War in Iraq