1. Identifiers Answer Questions
Ted Habermann
The HDF Group
Earth Science
NOAA National Geophysical Data Center
International standards for geospatial data and metadata
NASA Earth Science Data and Information Systems
National Science Foundation Data Infrastructure Building Blocks

2. Open Archival Information Systems – Mandatory Responsibilities
Negotiate for and accept appropriate information from information Producers.
Obtain sufficient control of the information provided to ensure Long Term Preservation.
Identify Designated Community
Ensure that the information to be preserved is Independently Understandable to the Designated Community.
Follow documented policies and procedures which ensure that the information is preserved.
Make the preserved information available to the Designated Community

3. Open Archival Information Systems – Mandatory Responsibilities
Negotiate for and accept appropriate information from information Producers.
Obtain sufficient control of the information provided to ensure Long Term Preservation.
Identify Designated Community
Ensure that the information to be preserved is Independently Understandable to the Designated Community. In particular, the Designated Community should be able to understand the information without needing special resources such as the assistance of the experts who produced the information.
Follow documented policies and procedures which ensure that the information is preserved.
Make the preserved information available to the Designated Community

4. FAIR Data Findable Accessible Interoperable Reusable

5. FAIR Data Findable Accessible Interoperable
I1. (meta)data use a formal, accessible, shared, and broadly applicable language for knowledge representation.
I2. (meta)data use vocabularies that follow FAIR principles
I3. (meta)data include qualified references to other (meta)data
Reusable

6. FAIR Data Findable Accessible Interoperable To be Reusable:
R1. meta(data) are richly described with  a plurality of accurate and relevant attributes
R1.1. (meta)data are released with a clear and accessible data usage license
R1.2. (meta)data are associated with detailed provenance
R1.3. (meta)data meet domain-relevant community standards

7. Metadata – Discovery, Access, Use, Understanding
Metadata Spirals

8. Reusers – Present and Future

9. Metadata and Documentation Unstructured and Customized Structured and
Standard
Discovery / Access
Unstructured
and
Customized
Use
Structured
and
Standard
Understanding
Reproducibility

10. Questions about Who?
Who processed these data?
Who created these data??
Who can I ask about these data?
Who contributed to the creation?
Who supported the creation of these data?
Who owns these data?
Who published these data?
The ISO TC211 Metadata Standards (19115, , , 19157) acknowledge the existence and importance of unstructured documentation that supports understanding and include explicit citations to those materials. These citations provide links to information about:
1) associated resources and metadata for those resources,
2) sources used in the creation of the resource being described,
4) references and documentation for software used in the creation of the resource being described,
5) references to the algorithms implemented in the creation of the resource being described.
Who has used these data and what are they trying to do?
Who distributes these data?
metadata include qualified references to other (meta)data

11. Who Answers : People and Organizations
User Services
Individual
Organization
Position

12. Understanding Questions
What associated resources are available?
Are there quality reports available?
Is there additional documentation?
What standards are the data compliant with?
What shared vocabularies are available?
What procedure was used to measure data quality?
What processing was used?
The ISO TC211 Metadata Standards (19115, , , 19157) acknowledge the existence and importance of unstructured documentation that supports understanding and include explicit citations to those materials. These citations provide links to information about:
1) associated resources and metadata for those resources,
2) sources used in the creation of the resource being described,
4) references and documentation for software used in the creation of the resource being described,
5) references to the algorithms implemented in the creation of the resource being described.
Is there documentation for algorithms and software?
What procedure was used to measure data quality?
What sources were combined? I:
metadata include qualified references to other (meta)data

13. Understanding Questions
What associated resources are available?
Are there quality reports available?
Is there additional documentation?
What standards are the data compliant with?
What shared vocabularies are available?
What procedure was used to measure data quality?
What processing was used?
The ISO TC211 Metadata Standards (19115, , , 19157) acknowledge the existence and importance of unstructured documentation that supports understanding and include explicit citations to those materials. These citations provide links to information about:
1) associated resources and metadata for those resources,
2) sources used in the creation of the resource being described,
4) references and documentation for software used in the creation of the resource being described,
5) references to the algorithms implemented in the creation of the resource being described.
Is there documentation for algorithms and software?
What procedure was used to measure data quality?
What sources were combined? I:
metadata include qualified references to other (meta)data

14. Users Create Understanding
Is the Data Provider aware of this problem?
Is there more documentation?
Have other issues been identified with these data?
Structured
and
Standard
What is the user trying to do?
When did they try to do it?
What limitations were identified?
Who was the user – how can they be contacted?

15. Identifiers connect people and resources for understanding
There are existing standards for connecting metadata to several kinds of user feedback.
International metadata standards include mechanisms for connecting metadata to documentation that can help users answer many critical questionss (processing, data quality, …).

16. Questions?