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Irregular Verbs
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What are they? The way a verb forms its past tense determines its classification as regular or irregular. A regular verb takes the –d or –ed ending to denote the past tense.
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Irregular verbs do not take the –d or –ed ending
Irregular verbs do not take the –d or –ed ending. They are inflected in various other ways to indicate past tense.
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Examples believe → believed smile → smiled Irregular run → ran
eat → ate
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An irregular verb forms its past and past participle by
changing vowels (run-- ran) or consonants (build– built) or by changing vowels and consonants (catch – caught) or by making no changes (burst, cost)
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Principal Parts of Verbs
Every verb has four basic parts, which are called its principal parts. You must know all of these in order to form the different tenses correctly. Present (aka Infinitive) Past Present Participle Past Participle
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Present (aka Infinitive)
existing or happening now know to know take to take write to write
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Past existed or happened in the past knew took wrote
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Present Participle The present participle of a verb always ends in –ing. knowing taking writing
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Past Participle The past participle of a verb always requires a helping verb (have, has, had). had known have taken has written
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Practice Present Past Past Participle begin 1. __________ have begun
freeze 2. __________ have frozen write wrote _________ blow __________ have blown drive drove _________ wear wore _________ sing __________ have sung ride __________ have ridden
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Practice Present Past Past Participle begin 1. have begun
freeze have frozen write wrote blow have blown drive drove wear wore sing have sung ride have ridden
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Practice Present Past Past Participle choose chose 9. _________
go _________ have gone run _________ have run throw threw ________ come came ________ see saw ________ speak _________ have spoken burst _________ have burst
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Practice Present Past Past Participle choose chose 9. go 10. have gone
run have run throw threw come came see saw speak have spoken burst have burst
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Practice Present Past Past Participle swim swam 17. ________
sink sank ________ break _________ have broken bring _________ have brought
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Practice Present Past Past Participle swim swam 17. sink sank 18.
break have broken bring have brought
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