1. The Great War
The Stage is Set for War

2. An Uneasy Peace Grips Europe
All about MAIN: Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism
The Growth of Militarism
Increased nationalism led to an arms race
Needed to have large standing armies, and mobilization
Having this large army made people feel patriotic
Yet it also frightened people

3. Tangled Alliances Bismarck Forges Early Pacts
Triple Alliance with Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy to isolate France  greatest threat to peace
Made treaty with Russia but was uneasy b/c Russia and Austria-Hungary not fans of each other
Shifting Alliances Threaten Peace
Kaiser Wilhelm II lapses treaty with Russia, they move to ally with France  now Germany may have to fight a two-front war
Then challenges Britain and Britain forms the Triple Entente with France and Russia

4. More causes…. Imperialism Nationalism
Each nation fiercely competing with the others and pushed some to the brink of war.
1905 and 1911  France and Germany fighting over Morocco
Nationalism
Served as a great unifying force in nations but caused deep competition b/w countries
Competition for materials and markets
Austria-Hungary and Russia fighting over the Balkans
Even though small groups of nationalistic Serbs, Bulgarians, Romanians demanded independence.

5. Crisis in the Balkans Europe’s Powder Keg Known as the Balkans
Began to break away from declining Ottoman rule
Serbia wanted to bring all Slavs together
Russia supported this and Austria-Hungary was scared of rebellious attitudes from their Slavic population
Austria annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina  but Russia and Serbs do not like this but have to back down

6. Crisis in the Balkans
Archduke Franz Ferdinand and wife, Sophie, visit Sarajevo to check on Bosnia’s improvements.
The Black Hand affiliates shoot and kill them both
Austria gave Serbia an ultimatum: an end to all anti-Austrian activity, Austrian officials investigate assassination
Serbia gave some other offers but were refused and Russia on that same day mobilized their troops beginning World War I