1. Previously Seen On WH… End of Absolute Rule
Enlightenment and the demand for individual rights
The Industrial Revolution, the increased wealth of nations, and an increase in worker’s rights

2. The Rise of Nationalism
Gusseppi Gardbaldi lead the Red Shirts in unifying Italy
Tennis Court Oath:
We will not leave until we gain representation in the government and individual rights
So knowing that we have talked about individual rights, the end of monarchs, and now looking at these pictures, what do you think we will be studying next?
We talked about nationalism when we talked about the French Revolution, but we are now going to take a look at how nationalism helped to unify 2 other countries which go on to write constitutions insuring the rights of their citizens…
Kaiser I became Kaiser of Germany, and Otto Von Bismarck became his Chancellor

3. Nationalism Pride in one’s country
So what is nationalism… No longer did people show loyalty to the Monarch, they showed loyalty to their nation (of which the constitutions usually provided individuals rights (again, with the Enlightenment)… How do you see nationalism being portrayed in these images?

4. Patriotism A willingness to fight to defend your country
Nationalism is different from Patriotism. Patriotism is a willingness to sacrifice your life for your country.

6. Historical Context Industrial Revolution
Competition for markets and consumers creates a “race” - leads to competition for colonial control
A nation’s success is tied to the hard work of its people

7. Historical Context Political Revolutions
French Revolution and Reign of Terror ( )
Latin American colonies (late 1700s-mid 1800s)
Haiti
Venezuela
Argentina
Mexico
Peru
Brazil

8. Historical Context Political Revolutions Major ideas and goals:
Power to the people, not the monarch
In Latin America, remove foreign rule and “liberate” the people
Change traditional conservative order of Europe
Representative democracy & extension of voting rights

9. Historical Context Clash of political philosophies in Europe
Conservatives
Protect the traditional monarchies of Europe
Mostly the wealthy landowners and nobility
Liberals
Give more power to the elected gov’t bodies
Only give educators and landowners voting rights
Mostly middle-class
Radicals
Extend democracy to all
Ideas from Enlightenment and Revolutionary periods

10. Defining Nationalism
NATIONALISM: the belief that people’s greatest loyalties should not be to a king or empire, but to a people who share a common culture and history.
The rise of nationalism is tied to the spread of democratic ideas and the growth of the middle class.

11. Bonds that Create a Nation-State

12. Defining Nationalism Positive Results Negative Results
People within a nation overcoming their differences for the common good.
Forced assimilation of minority cultures into the nation’s majority culture.
Overthrow of colonial rule.
Ethnic cleansing (ex: Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1990s).
Growth of democratic nations worldwide.
Rise of extreme nationalist movements (ex: Nazism).
Competition among nations that leads to scientific and tech. advances.
Competition among nations that leads to war.

13. Defining Nationalism Nationalism can both fuse and break apart nations
Fusion = Germany, Italy, United States…
Breakage = Ottoman Empire and the Balkans, Austrian Empire, Yugoslavia…