1. 22. What are spheres of influence
22. What are spheres of influence? Where did European nations use spheres of influence?
A type of colonization where countries had ‘special rights related to trading” in these spheres
A type of colonization where countries had ‘special right related to trading” in these spheres
Used in China, Japan

2. 23. What was the result of the Meiji Restoration on Japan?
Focus on embracing modernism as well and maintaining traditional ways.
Started building the Japanese empire.
Focus on embracing modernism as well and maintaining traditional ways. Gets them ready for wwi wwii

3. 24. Define nationalism.
Nationalism: pride
in one’s nation

4. Unified Germany Divided the Ottoman Empire
25. Give examples of nationalism as a unifying force and examples of nationalism as a divisive force?
Unified Germany
Divided the Ottoman Empire

5. Used nationalism to unify Italy
26. Identify Otto von Bismarck and Giuseppe Garibaldi. What do they have in common? (p )
Used nationalism to Unify Germany
Used nationalism to unify Italy

6. Coal and iron resources Large population seeking work
27. Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England (give several reasons)? (p )
Access to ports
Coal and iron resources
Large population seeking work
Easy to transition from cottage industries to factories

7. 28. Name some social reforms that took place in Western Europe (Britain, France, and Germany) during the 1800s.
Legalization of labor unions
Passage of child labor laws
Women’s suffrage movement

8. 29. What is Social Darwinism? (p. 571)
an application of the theory of natural selection to social, political, and economic issues.
"the strong survive," applied to human issues.
promoted the idea that the white European race was superior to others, and therefore, destined to rule over them.

9. 30. Define imperialism. What caused imperialism? (p. 632)
Controlling another nation politically, culturally, religiously, and/or economically
The need was brought about by the
Industrial Revolution
New markets
New materials
the policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and
dependencies
Spread of religion

10. 31. Describe native people's reactions to imperialism in the following areas: South Africa (p ) India (p , 645) China (p. 652)
Creation of the African National Congress and increase in African nationalism
The Sepoy Rebellion attempted to resist British interference in India and the Indian National Congress
Opium Wars and the Boxer Rebellion were attempts by the Chinese to rid themselves of foreign control.

11. 32. What new nations in Europe were formed after World War I? (p. 711)
Czechoslovakia, Austria, Hungary, Yuogoslavia…the creation of Eastern European nations

12. Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism
33. Why was the Balkan Peninsula known as the "powder keg of Europe"? (p. 695)
Bunch of different nationalities
Ruled by different foreign empires
Due to MAIN causes, led to a high level of tension so that one little thing “SPARKED” the whole region like a POWDER KEG
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
Bunch of different nationalities, ruled by different empires