1. Modals Prepared By: - Nityanandesh Narayan Tripathi PGT English
Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya

2. Permission, Possibility, Obligation, Capacity and Advice
Modals - Definition
Modals are the auxiliary verbs that are used to express meanings such as
Permission, Possibility, Obligation, Capacity and Advice
Example: -
May I come in? (Seeking Permission)
It may rain today. (Telling Possibility)
You must complete your homework today. (Obligation)
I can play football after recovering from my injuries. (Capacity)
He should respect his parents and teachers. (Advice)

3. Modals – Special Features
Modals are Auxiliary Verbs
But they fail to follow many regular quality of an auxiliary verb.
They don’t change their form with the change in person of subject.
They don’t have Present Participle and Past Participle form.
Subject
Auxiliary
Verb I Do
Play
She
Does
Subject
Auxiliary
Verb I
Can
Play
She
Present
Present Participle Go
Going
Can

4. Modals - Types Modals Primary Secondary 1. Used to 2. Need 1. Can
2. May
3. Shall
4. Will
5. Should
6. Must
7. Ought to
1. Could
2. Might
Secondary
1. Used to
2. Need
3. Dare

5. Can Ability Modals (Primary) - Use Could is the Past Tense of Can.
I can swim across the river.
Could is the Past Tense of Can.

6. May Wish Possibility Modals (Primary) - Use
May you live happily and long.
It may rain today because black clouds are there in sky.

7. Shall Future Command Threat Modals (Primary) - Use
You shall be punished if homework is not completed.
You shall not enter into my house.
I shall be 25 years old with next birthday.

8. Will Future Intention Determination Modals (Primary) - Use
Tomorrow she will go to railway station.
I will surely succeed in this race.

9. should Advice Modals (Primary) - Use
You should study well to get good marks.

10. Must Necessity Modals (Primary) - Use
I must follow strict diet to reduce my weight.

11. Ought to Moral Advice Modals (Primary) - Use
We ought to pray God and read moral stories.

12. Discontinued Habit of Past
Modals (Secondary) - Use
Discontinued Habit of Past
Used to
I used to do morning walk in that park.

13. Need Duty Modals (Secondary) - Use
He need not come to school till the recovery of his illness.

14. Modals (Secondary) - Use
Courage
Dare
I dared to climb the Everest.

15. Exercises: - I _________donate blood in this camp.
You _______ give up smoking.
I _________ lift this box.
_______ I give the answer?
______our country prosper.

16. Thanks