1. Pd 1 –show videos

2. Drill-pd /23/16
Describe the difference between diploid and haploid.
What is the purpose of crossing over?

3. Describe the difference between diploid and haploid
Describe the difference between diploid and haploid. Cells with two sets of chromosomes are diploid (2n) and one set are haploid.(n).
What is the purpose of crossing over? Permits the exchange of genetic material between mom and dad chromosomes.

4. Objective
SWBAT
Define and give examples of terms related to the topic of Genetics.

5. Agenda
Genetics Vocabulary Challenge
Videos
Work on HW

6. Genetics Vocabulary

7. GENETICS http://www.umm.edu/graphics/images/en/9882.jpg

8. Vocabulary Word
Definition
Other Things to Know…
The study of
how traits are
passed
from parents to
offspring
Gregor Mendel
-pioneer in
genetics
-crossed peas to
show how traits
were passed on
Genetics

9. HEREDITY

10. Vocabulary Word
Definition
Other Things to Know…
The transmission of
traits from parents
to their offspring
Important for
appearance and
study of genetic
diseases
Heredity

11. TRAIT

12. Vocabulary Word
Definition
Other Things to Know…
A category within
which alternate
characteristics can
be observed
Examples of
traits:
hair color,
eye color,
height
Trait

13. GENE

14. Vocabulary Word
Definition
Other Things to Know…
A segment of DNA
that codes
for a protein – a unit of hereditary
information
Found on
chromosomes
within the
nucleus
Gene

15. ALLELES

16. Vocabulary Word
Definition
Other Things to Know…
An alternate form
of a gene (trait)
Ex: Everyone
has an eye color,
but there are
different types:
blue, brown, etc.
Alleles

17. DOMINANT vs. RECESSIVE

18. Vocabulary Word
Definition
Other Things to Know…
An allele that masks
the presence of
another allele
for the same
trait
-Shown with a
capital letter
(ex: A, T, G).
-Will always be
seen if present.
Dominant

19. Vocabulary Word Definition Other Things to Know… An allele that is
masked by the
presence of another
allele for the same
trait
-Shown with a
lower case letter
(ex: a, t, g).
-Will only be
seen if both
alleles for a trait
are recessive.
Recessive

20. Vocabulary Word
Definition
Other Things to Know…
Referring to a gene
pair in which the
two alleles code
for the same trait
Written as:
AA or aa
Homozygous

21. Vocabulary Word
Definition
Other Things to Know…
Referring to a gene
pair in which the
two alleles do not
code for the same
trait
Written as: Aa
Heterozygous

22. LAW OF SEGREGATION

23. Vocabulary Word Definition Other Things to Know… Law stating that
Allows each
parent to
contribute half the
Chromosomes.
Law stating that
pairs of genes
separate in meiosis
and each gamete
receives one gene
of a pair
Law of
Segregation

24. LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT

25. Vocabulary Word
Definition
Other Things to Know…
Different genes sort separately from each other.
The gene for eye color sorts separately from hair color, and skin color, etc…
Law of
Independent
Assortment

26. GENOTYPE vs. PHENOTYPE

27. Vocabulary Word
Definition
Other Things to Know…
The genetic makeup
of an organism
Written with the
letters of alleles:
Aa, TT, bb, etc.
Genotype

28. Vocabulary Word
Definition
Other Things to Know…
The external (physical)
appearance of an
organism that is
determined by the
individual’s
genotype
Written as the
Physical Trait:
Brown hair,
blue eyes,
short, etc.
Phenotype

29. HOMOZYGOUS vs. HETEROZYGOUS

30. PUREBRED

31. Vocabulary Word
Definition
Other Things to Know…
An organism that is
homozygous for
a trait
Ex: AA or aa
Purebred

32. HYBRID

33. Vocabulary Word
Definition
Other Things to Know…
An organism that
is heterozygous
for a trait
Ex: Aa
Hybrid

34. PROBABILITY

35. Vocabulary Word
Definition
Other Things to Know…
The likelihood that something will happen
Ex: dice,
coin-flipping,
chance of have
blue eyes, etc.
Probability

36. PUNNETT SQUARE

37. A model used to determine the probabilities of the
Vocabulary Word
Definition
Other Things to Know…
Mom’s alleles
go together on
one side and
Dad’s go together
on the other.
A model used to determine the
probabilities of the
results of a genetic
cross
Punnett
Square

38. Drill # /20/14
Which of these best describes the correct sequence in the expression of a trait?
trait → gene → enzyme
gene → protein → trait
protein → gene → trait
gene → trait → DNA

39. Drill #17 3/2/15
How would our lab results change if a larger population was polled? Why?

40. SWBAT Explain Mendel’s experiment
Demonstrate how the results of his experiment paved the path to understanding genes.

41. Agenda
PTC Extension
Mendel notes

42. Drill # /20/14
Which of these best describes the correct sequence in the expression of a trait?
trait → gene → enzyme
gene → protein → trait
protein → gene → trait
gene → trait → DNA

43. Lab Reports Data tables and graphs must have: Conclusion must:
proper titles that identify independent and dependent variables
properly labeled axes
Conclusion must:
identify whether the hypothesis was supported
use data to support your claim
connect with previous research
identify sources of errors, relevance of findings and new problems.

44. http://science. discovery

45. Gregor Mendel Founder of genetics (study of heredity)
Monk who lived in a monastery
Studied garden pea plants
Researched heredity=
the passing of genetic traits
from parent to offspring

46. MENDEL’S EXPERIMENTS Pollinated pea plants Self-pollination
Transfer of pollen to same flower or plant
Cross pollination
Transfer of pollen between 2 different plants
Studied 7 pea plant characteristics
Height, pea color, seed texture, seed color,
flower color, etc.

47. Pea Plant Characteristics

49. Genes
Genes-part of the DNA on a chromosome that controls a particular trait
Alleles- alternate forms of a gene
2 types
Dominant-masks
Capital letters: A, R, F, T, B
Recessive-the masked
Lowercase letters: a, r, f, t, b

50. Examples Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive Heterozygous BB bb

51. Drill #16 2/26/15
What process produces male and female sex cells in plants?
mitosis
meiosis
replication
fertilization

52. Sample Question
What process produces male and female sex cells in plants?
mitosis
meiosis
replication
fertilization

53. Sample Question
A pair of laboratory mice are crossed to obtain offspring. Three alleles found in the female gamete are ABC. Three alleles found in the male gamete are Abc.
What is formed when a male gamete combines with a female gamete?
zygote
egg
sperm
chromosome

54. Sample Question
A pair of laboratory mice are crossed to obtain offspring. Three alleles found in the female gamete are ABC. Three alleles found in the male gamete are Abc.
What is formed when a male gamete combines with a female gamete?
zygote
egg
sperm
chromosome

55. Sample Question
Apomixis is a type of asexual reproduction in which adult plants grow directly from egg cells. Which of these does not occur during apomixis?
mitosis
translation
fertilization
transcription

56. Sample Question
Apomixis is a type of asexual reproduction in which adult plants grow directly from egg cells. Which of these does not occur during apomixis?
mitosis
translation
fertilization
transcription

57. Sample Questions
Which of these make up the primary link between a gene and the expression of a trait?
proteins
sugars
lipids
vitamins

58. Sample Questions
Which of these make up the primary link between a gene and the expression of a trait?
proteins
sugars
lipids
vitamins