1. Bellringer Questions
Please write the question and your answer. Which of the following best illustrates the concept of social Darwinism? A. Berea has valuable resources which Richmond would benefit from controlling B. Berea is unfit for self-government so Richmond has a duty to “civilize” them C. Berea needs to totally blend in to the culture of Richmond when Richmond takes over

2. Random Fact of the Day
There is a proposed law in the country of Malawi which makes it illegal to fart in public.

3. Upcoming Schedule Friday – Review Packet
Monday – Sleep in cause there’s NO SCHOOL!!
Tuesday – Computer Lab for ILPs
Wednesday – Review/Review Game
Thursday – TEST

5. Europeans Claim Muslim Lands
Chapter 11
Section 3

6. Introduction
Europeans began to look at other places to control besides Africa.
They focused on what was left of the Ottoman Empire.
Land surrounding the Mediterranean Sea.

8. Ottoman Empire Loses Power
The declining Ottoman Empire had difficulties trying to fit into the modern world.
If an effort to resist European imperialist powers, they made attempts to change.
These efforts failed.
Europeans began to look for ways to take the Ottoman’s lands.

9. Europeans Grab Territory
Geopolitics – an interest in or taking of land for its strategic location or products.
Geopolitics played a huge role in the desire for the Ottoman Empire.
World powers were attracted to its strategic location.
Access to Mediterranean Sea
Asian countries had to cross their land to get to the Mediterranean
Discovery of oil (after WWI) in Persia and the Arabian Peninsula

10. Russia and the Crimean War
In an attempt to gain land on the Black Sea, Russian czars continuously started wars with the Ottomans.
1853 – Crimean War began.
Russians v. Ottomans
Britain and France help the Ottomans to prevent further Russian advancement.
Russia lost.
First war to be published in newspapers.
First war where women established positions as army nurses.
Ex. Florence Nightingale
Despite the help of the British and French the Ottoman Empire continued to decline.

12. Clicker Question
The Crimean War illustrates geopolitics because it involved…
a. an interest in taking land for strategic purpose
b. war for independence
c. civil war
d. war for unification of states into one country

13. Textbook Research
Turn to page 354 in your book to complete the rest of your notes.
Look in these sections…
Egypt Initiates Reforms
Military and Economic Reforms
The Suez Canal
Battle over Tobacco (page 356, last paragraph)

14. Egypt Initiates Reforms
Based on the Ottoman Empire’s decline, some Muslim leaders felt they had no choice but to adjust to the modern world.
Egypt initiated political and social reforms, partially to block European domination.

15. Military and Economic Reforms
Egypt’s location at the head of the Red Sea appeared valuable to both France and Britain.
Muhammad Ali led Egypt and initiated many reforms for their military and economy.
Pushed Egyptians to grow a cash crop – cotton
Peasants lost substantial land needed to grow their food crops.

16. The Suez Canal
The Suez Canal was a human-made waterway that connected the Red Sea to the Mediterranean
Importance = Waterway between Europe and Indian Ocean without rounding Africa.
The Suez Canal was very expensive (450 million) to build and Egypt was in great debt.
Egypt could not even pay the interest on the debt.
Overseeing the debt, the British occupied Egypt in

17. Muslim Lands
In the Muslim lands, many European imperialists gained control by using economic imperialism and creating spheres of influence.
Although some governments attempted to modernize their nations, it was usually too little too late.
In other areas of the globe, imperialists provided the modernization.

18. Clicker Question What two countries saw value in Egypt’s location?
Germany and United States
China and India
France and Britain
France and United States

19. Clicker Question
What cash crop did Muhammad Ali push Egyptians to grow?
Tobacco
Cotton
Corn
Rice

20. Clicker Question Why would the Suez Canal be important?
It allowed ships to travel to the Indian Ocean from the Meditteranean Sea without having to go around Africa
It would help Africans assimilate into European culture by being able to work jobs in constructing the canal
It allowed ships to travel to the Atlantic Ocean from places like Egypt and Turkey

21. Clicker Question How did Britain eventually gain control of Egypt?
Military victories
Securing the Suez Canal through a secret deal with the Ottoman Empire
Egypt could not pay the debt on the Suez Canal
Chuck Norris was involved