1. Photosynthetic Protists (Plant-like)

2. Unicellular
Motile
Contain chlorophyll (for photosynthesis)
Most contain flagella
Commonly called Algae

3. Water absorbs light’s energy too
Chlorophyll: Green pigments found in chloroplasts that help absorb energy from light
Accessory Pigments: light- absorbing compounds found in photosynthetic organisms
Give algae its colour
Water absorbs light’s energy too

4. Over time, algae has adapted to different environments, and has evolved different forms of chlorophyll

5. Types of Plant-Like Protists: Euglenophyta Pyrrophyta Algae
Euglena
Pyrrophyta
Dinoflagellates
Algae
Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, Chrysophyta, Rhodophyta

6. Euglenophyta have chloroplasts Some grow in the absence of light
They are known to lose their chloroplasts and become heterotrophic
Euglena can change shape using euglenoid movement

7. Red eye spot helps euglena find the brightest areas
2 flagella
Possess a tough, intricate membrane = Pellicle
Reproduce by Binary Fission
Very similar to zooflagellates

9. Dinoflagellates (Pyrrophyta)
Luminescent (give off light)
Photosynthetic and heterotrophic
Reproduce by Binary Fission
Dinoflagellates sometimes bloom in concentrations of more than a million cells per mL
They can produce toxins (red tide)

10. Algal Blooms: An enormous mass of algae
Algal blooms can be very harmful
Deplete water of nutrients and kill cells
Decomposition of dead algae can rob water of oxygen

12. Algae
Contain chlorophyll, but they may also contain other pigments that mask the chlorophyll colour
Anchoring devices = holdfasts
Flexible stems = Stipes
Maximize their exposure to light = blades
Store gases for buoyancy = bladder

13. Grouped according to colour and biochemical differences
Green, golden brown, brown, and red

14. A .Green Algae (Chlorophyta)
Cell walls made of cellulose
Live in fresh and marine water
Believed to be closely related to the first plants
Green, orange, red, rust colours

15. Examples of Green Algae
Chlamydomonas (unicellular)
Produce zoospores
Two small contractile vacuoles help maintain water balance

16. Volvox (Colonial)
When the colony moves, cells on 1 side pull with their flagella

17. Spirogyra (Filamentous – long thread- like colonies)
Surfaces of ponds and streams

18. Ulva (multicellular)
Sea Lettuce

19. Green Algae can undergo alternation of generations
Switch back and forth between haploid and diploid

20. B. Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)
Small and Large (Seaweeds and kelps)
Contain the pigment fucoxanthin
Grow in cool, shallow coastal waters
Largest known alga = giant kelp
Provide food and habitat for marine organisms
Source of algin (gives ice cream, sherbet, cream cheese a stable smooth consistency)

22. Have gold chloroplasts Cell walls contain pectin (carbohydrate)
C. Golden Brown Algae (Chrysophyta)
Have gold chloroplasts
Cell walls contain pectin (carbohydrate)
Store food in the form of oil

23. Diatoms (Bacillariophyta)
Shaped like a petri dish
Cell wall has an outer layer of silica (ingredient in glass)
Produce a major portion of earth’s oxygen
Most abundant

25. D. Red Algae (Rhodophyta)
Can live in deep water
Accessory pigment phycobilin absorbs blue wavelengths of light (allows red algae to live in deep oceans)
Material in cell walls is a source of agar used commercially to make capsules for vitamins and drugs, dental impressions, cosmetics, anti-drying agent for baked goods (jelly)
Coralline algae play an important role in coral reef formation