1. Warm Up – January 29 Answer the following questions on a post it:
1. Describe a major difference in regards to flooding between the Nile River in Egypt and the Tigris and Euphrates in Mesopotamia? How would this effect the civilizations?
2. What advantage did the Nile River provide for Egypt that the Tigris and Euphrates did not provide for Mesopotamia?
3. What was the main purpose of the pyramids? What did the Egyptians do to the corpse before laying it to rest? Why did they do this?
4. Describe the rights that women had in Egyptian society
5. What are hieroglyphics?

2. Mesopotamia and Egypt Activity
You will be working in partners. One person from each pair needs to come up and grab a piece of construction paper, you will also need to each have a pen or colored pencil.

3. On your paper, draw a Venn Diagram with lots of room in the circles

4. Label the left circle “Egypt” and the right one “Mesopotamia”
Egypt Mesopotamia

5. Here’s the game!
You and your partner will be racing the other groups. On the next slide is a list of terms. Some are from Egypt, some are from Mesopotamia, and some from both. The first group to write the terms in the correct part of the Venn Diagram and write a brief definition of the term wins

6. READY, GO!!! Dynasty Mummification Economic classes Fertile soil
Pyramids
Nile River
Pharaohs
Natural Barriers
Code of Hammurabi
Theocracy
Papyrus
Hieroglyphs
Iraq
Tigris & Euphrates
Polytheistic

7. Unit 1: Early man and the early river valley civilizations
Ancient India

8. Indian Sub-Continent

9. Geography & Early Civilization
Setting the Stage
Historians know less about the origins and eventual decline of early Indian cultures because the language of the culture has not been translated yet.

10. Geography & Early Civilization
The Geography of the Indian Subcontinent
India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh make up the landmass of the Indian Subcontinent
This region is separated from Asia by several mountain ranges, some of the tallest in the world
Karakorum & Himalayas

11. Indian Sub-Continent Mountain Ranges

12. Geography & Early Civilization
Indus River
Farming is only possible in the areas directly watered by the Indus
Much of the lower Indus Valley is occupied by the Thar Desert

13. Geography & Early Civilization
Ganges River
The Ganges flows from the Himalayas and flows across northern India
It joins the Brahmaputra River as it flows into the Bay of Bengal

14. Indian Sub-Continent River Systems

15. Geography & Early Civilization
Together these rivers make up a large area called the Indo-Gangetic Plain which was great for agriculture, transportation, and irrigation
Seasonal winds called monsoons dominate India’s climate
Environmental challenges
Yearly floods- unpredictable
The rivers sometimes change course
Monsoons brought unpredictable cycles of wet and dry seasons

16. Indian Sub-Continent Indo-Gangetic Plain

17. Monsoons

18. Geography & Early Civilization
Civilization Emerges on the Indus
Historians have yet to decipher the Indus system of writing
Still unclear when civilization began but evidence shows that people were using domesticated goats and sheep around the year 7000 B.C.
The Indus Valley civilization is sometimes called the Harappan Civilization because of many archeological discoveries made there
City planning was one of their most remarkable achievements
They used a grid system unlike Mesopotamia’s maze of winding streets
Engineers used an advanced plumbing system that rivaled 19th century plumbing
This uniformity suggests that the Indus people had a strong central government

19. Grid System
Mohenjo-Daro

21. Plumbing

22. Geography & Early Civilization
Harappan Culture
Housing separations suggests divisions in society were not great
Artifacts of toys and clay pots suggest a relatively prosperous society
Few items of warfare found suggesting that conflict was limited
Animals were very important
Role of Religion
Historians believe that Harappan civilization used a theocracy
Some artifacts have been linked to modern Hindu culture

24. Geography & Early Civilization
Indus Valley Culture Ends
Evidence found in the 1970s suggests that a shift in tectonic plates may have caused earthquakes, flooding, and caused the Indus to change course
Some cities survived the disasters but other cities food supplies were affected
Later a group of people called the Aryans would sweep into the area and take control

25. TOD – January 29
Answer the following questions on the same post-it as the warm up:
1. Why are scientists not sure how early civilizations in India began or ended?
2. Social classes: What is the difference between Mesopotamia and Ancient India?
3. What was one of the most remarkable achievements by the Harrapan Civilization?
4. What is one similarity that exists between the rivers in Mesopotamia and the rivers in Ancient India?
5. What is the term given to seasonal winds that dominate India’s climate?