1. 3.1 Algae to plants

2. BASICS Algae aka seaweed
Aquatic photosynthetic members of the Kingdom Protista
Unicellular or multicellular
3 unicellular phyla: plant like protist – dinoflagellates, diatoms and euglenoids
3 multicellular phyla, based on color – brown, red or green

3. MULTICELLULAR ALGAE: Brown algae – phylum phaeophyta
Largest and most complex
No true leaves nor roots
Specialized tissue – pg 91 fig 3.3 C
Instead of roots, they have an anchor system called a holdfast
Instead of a stem / trunk for support stipe
Instead of leaves for photosynthesis blades
Ex. Kelp – pg 91

4. Red algae (phylum rhodophyta)
most abundant
Pigment – phycoerythrin makes it red
Also has chlorophyll, but less of it
Ex. Seaweed for sushi

5. Green algae (phylum chlorophyta)
Aquatic, usually in fresh water
Some terrestrial, attached to tree trunks or animals like a sloth
They are the most “plant-like” algae
Same chlorophyll pigments
Cell walls made of cellulose
Store energy in the form of starch

6. Evolution – adaptations to land
Production of embryos
Development of vascular system
Allowed for plants to grow in size
Two types of vascular tissues: phloem (live cells – carries sugars) and xylem (dead tough cells made of lignin– carries water and minerals)
True roots allowed for a strong anchor system
True leaves allowed for greater surface area for photosynthesis

7. Sexual Reproduction Cycle – focused on sporic reprduction
Terms to know:
Haploid – contains one set of chromosomes
Diploid – contains two sets of chromosomes
Gametophyte – haploid version of the organism
Sporophyte – diploid version of the organism

8. Summary of reproduction types