1. Earth Materials

2. Minerals
Naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solid that has a definite chemical composition

3. Naturally Occurring
Formed in nature and not by people

4. Inorganic
Is not made from or composed of life forms

5. Crystalline
Has a specific arrangement of atoms

6. IAOA
The Internal Arrangement Of the Atoms specify the physical and chemical properties of a mineral

7. What 2 elements make up most of Earth’s Crust?

8. SILICON and OXYGEN

9. Silicon and Oxygen combing to form….
Silicates (SiO4)

10. They also form a very SPECIFIC STRUCTURE
Silicates
They also form a very SPECIFIC STRUCTURE

11. Silicon-oxygen tetrahedra
are the basic building blocks for silicate minerals

12. How can we identify a mineral?
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

13. COLOR
VERY POOR indicator because the SAME mineral can be the DIFFERENT colors

14. COLOR

15. VERY POOR indicator because DIFFERENT mineral can be the SAME colors

16. GOLD
PYRITE

17. STREAK
The powder form of a mineral
Much more reliable than color

18. LUSTER How LIGHT reflects off a minerals
Examples: Glassy, Metallic, Non-Metallic

19. Cleavage the mineral breaks in a predictable pattern
because of its arrangement of atoms

20. CLEAVAGE

21. The minerals breaks randomly
FRACTURE
The minerals breaks randomly

22. HARDNESS RESISTANCE to being scratched Not the same as breaking
For example:
You can easily break glass with steel, but steel WILL NOT scratch glass

23. HARDNESS MOHS SCALE