1. France Under Maximilien Robespierre – 1791 to 1794
7.3
PETS – MAXIMILIEN ROBESPIERRE, JACQUES DANTON, JACOBINS/GIRONDISTS
more coming tomorrow…

2. National Convention France declares itself a republic on 9/21/92
Abolishes monarchy
Goals?
L.A. renamed National Convention
Jacobin factions
The Mountain
Danton and Robespierre
The Girondists

3. Sans-culottes Well-off urban workers who were extremely radical
Fear National Convention is not radical enough in furthering goals of Revolution
Work with The Mountain
Favored direct democracy

4. War victories with meaning
France defeats Prussia and Austria in major battles in late 1792
Significance?
Declare war on most major powers in Europe – the First Coalition
Threat of war to restore monarchy always there unless…

5. Death of the king
To solidify position as the French republic, the National Convention executed the King in January 1793
Convicted and executed as a traitor to the Republic

8. This is the day called Thursday.
Some More 7.3 Notes
Maybe Some Video Clips
Review Game
QUIZ TOMORROW
7.1 TO 7.3
Random Fact of the Day
Little children who change their teachers’ random facts of the day often receive coal in their stockings at Christmas.

9. National Convention Goes Radical
May 1793 – Mountain + sans-culottes oust moderate Girondists from Convention
Robespierre has 31 Girondists leaders arrested
Many Girondists now will work against the Revolution

10. Charlotte Cordet
Vs.
Jean-Paul Marat

11. Committee of Public Safety
SUCKING AT
Established as emergency gov’t in summer of 1793 to deal with internal + external challenges to Revolution
Constitution suspended
Led by Robespierre and Louis Saint-Just
Rousseau’s “general will”
Established Law of Maximum to direct economy in wartime
Contradiction to Enlightenment ideas on free market
Early version of socialism
Set price controls, nationalized workshops, and established rationing

12. Military victory (External Enemies)
France’s military grew to 1 million men strong
Levee en masse – national conscription
Austrian Netherlands and Rhineland controlled by France by 1794
France’s government’s legitimacy increases
Must work to secure its place, eliminate enemies

13. Reign of terror (Internal Enemies)
Summer 1793-Summer 1794
40,000 people throughout France were killed…seen as threats to Robespierre’s power
Former allies of Robespierre also sent to death

15. Well What Do You Know Today Is Friday.
Finish 7.3 Notes
A Video Review
Quiz
Homework This Weekend
Random Fact of the Day
Santa Claus is based on a real person, St. Nikolas of Myra, who lived during the fourth century. He is the patron saint of banking, pawnbroking, pirating, butchery, sailing, thievery, orphans, royalty, and New York City.

16. Republic of virtue
Robespierre sought to create a deist France and eliminate all traces of Old Regime
Cultural Changes
Changed the calendar
No Sundays
Closed all churches in Paris
Cult of the Supreme Being
Deistic national religion founded by Robespierre
Notre Dame Cathedral converted to Temple of Reason
Triggered widespread opposition to Robespierre

20. Thermadorian reaction
7/27/94 – Robespierre denounced in the Convention and arrested
Executed the next day on the guillotine
Reign of Terror ended
Respectable 3rd Estate bourgeoisie reassert their authority in the new government called The Directory