1. Please get your DBQ together and turn into the tray
Please get your DBQ together and turn into the tray. Make sure all group members’ names are on it. Remember, I need (per group):
1 set of questions
1 chart
1 essay
1 political cartoon (if applicable)

2. What caused WWI, and why did the US stay neutral (at first)?
World War I
What caused WWI, and why did the US stay neutral (at first)?

3. 1. Militarism Glorification of military fuels arms race
Prep for war (not ‘if’ but ‘when’)
G vs. sea, G vs. Fr vs. Rus on land
New weapons

4. 2. Alliances Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
Triple Entente: France, Russia, G.B.

5. 3. Imperialism Competition for and amongst colonies
Desire for global military power & political influence
Esp. Germany

6. 4. Nationalism Nationalism = devotion to one’s nation
Nation should be of single ethnic group -- destabilized multinational empires (ex: Austro-Hungarian; Ottoman)
What about ethnic minorities?
Spread of Social Darwinism

7. The Spark Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
June 28, 1914 in Sarajevo, capital of A-H province of Bosnia
Ethnic Serbs believed Bosnia belonged to Serbia, saw FF as tyrant
Gavrilo Princip, of Black Hands, assassinated FF & wife Sophie

9. Fighting Begins Alliances = Chain Reaction
Kaiser Wilhelm II (Germ) assures will support A-H
A-H sends demands to Serbia… did not agree. A-H declares war on Serbia
Schlieffen Plan: G’s plan for 2-front war vs. Fr & Russ at same time
Surprise invasion of Fr through Belgium…. Brutal
The Sides
Central Powers: Germany + Austria-Hungary (later +Ottoman Empire)
Allied Powers: Britain + France + Russia + Serbia (later + Italy + USA)
In early August, Russia mobilized for war to help its ally Serbia against Austria
Caused Germany to declare war against Russia
France, Russia’s ally, promptly declared war against Germany
Germany then declared war against netural Belgium, so that it could launch an invasion of France through Belium.
GB had treaties with France & Belgium and immediately declared war on Germany

10. Deadly Technology Leads to Stalemate
Western Front in France est. after Battle of the Marne (1914)
Each side digs out & defends via trenches
Immensely deadly – fighting strategies don’t keep up w/ weaponry
Machine guns Gas: mustard, chlorine Torpedoes
Rifles Tanks Submarines
Artillery Planes
Chlorine gas– causes burning sensation in throat, chest pains. Death is painful – suffocation.
Mustard gas– most deadly. Fired into trenches in shells. Colorless, takes 12 hours to take effect. Blistering skin, vomiting, sore eyes, internal/ external bleeding. Death can take up to 5 weeks.

11. Trench Warfare Trench foot Rats Lice “No-man’s land”
Trench warfare

12. Wilson Urges Neutrality
Distant quarrel; urged neutrality; in reality, most had preferences
Many foreign-born & sided w/ home nation
Most sided w/ GB & Fr (GB --- history, lang, trade; Fr– Rev War) & disliked G’s treatment of Belgium
3 views
Isolationist  stay out
Interventionist  step in w/ Allies (affects us)
Internationalists  middle ground; work towards peace but stay out of war
Wilson runs for re-election in 1916 on campaign slogan “He kept us out of war”
Yet, prepared for war… just in case.

13. Neutrality  War GB blockades G, US ships can’t get through
1915: G’s U-boat sinks Lusitania (GB passenger ship, Americans onboard)
1917: G declares “unrestricted submarine warfare”
1917: Zimmerman telegram/note intercepted
G proposed alliance w/ Mexico to get back lost territories in US
US declares war April 6, 1917