1. How do we study the Universe?

2. Telescopes
A. Refractory Telescope: Light passes through a double lens and is bent to form an image on a focal point.
B. Reflecting Telescope: Uses a mirror as an objective to focus light from the object being viewed.

3. Satellites
Any object that revolves around another object. They stay in the same orbit
Natural Satellites: Moon
Manmade: Communication satellites

4. Space Probes
An instrument that gathers information and sends it back to the Earth.
Probes can leave gravitational force and go to other planets.
Has cameras and other equipment to gather data as well as radio transmitters to send the information back to Earth.

5. Space Travel The race to the moon!
: Russian cosmonaut Yuri A. Gagarin became the first human in space.
: American astronaut John Glenn became the first American in space.

6. Space Travel Con’t
3. July 20, 1969: Apollo 11 landed on the moon. American astronaut Neil Armstrong walked on the moon.
“That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind!” Neil Armstrong

7. Space Shuttle A reusable spacecraft, saves a lot of money.
The fuel booster rockets parachute back to Earth and are reused.
The fuel tank falls back to Earth but is not reused.

8. Space Shuttle con’t
The shuttle transports astronauts, satellites and other materials to and from space.
The shuttle lands like an airplane.
First shuttle mission April 12, 1981 with Columbia.
Ended 30 years later on July 21, 2011 with Atlantis. Enterprise is in NYC on the Intrepid.

9. Space Station
Place where astronauts can live for long periods of time.
Station has living quarters, work and exercise areas.
First station was called Skylab. It was launched in 1973 and fell out of orbit in 1979

10. ISS International Space Station
A permanent lab designed for long-term research.
More than 16 nations involved
Built in three phases

13. Space Exploration
1996: Launching of the Mars Global Surveyor and Pathfinder.
Surveyor orbited Mars and collected data.
Pathfinder landed on Mars and a rover surveyed the planet.
1998: Lunar Prospector orbited the moon taking pictures of the surface. Hydrogen was detected on the surface. There may have been ice on polar craters in the moon.

14. Mars Spirit
2004 – The Spirit lands on Mars and sent back the best pictures yet.
President Bush sets a goal to send astronauts to Mars

15. Mars 2024 Would you take a one way trip to Mars?