1. Manifest Destiny The Mexican American War & Territorial Acquisition

2. Louisiana Purchase: 1803
Thomas Jefferson bought the Louisiana Territory from France for $15 million.
Jefferson wanted to make sure the U.S. had control of the Port of New Orleans and the Mississippi River.
The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the United States.
The U.S. stretched from the Atlantic Ocean to the Rocky Mountains.

3. Florida: 1819
The U.S. wanted to take Florida from Spain because of attacks by Seminole Indians and runaway slaves in Georgia.
In 1819, President Monroe sent General Andrew Jackson to Florida to help protect the U.S. border.
Jackson invaded Florida and overthrew the governor of Florida. He had no direct orders from President Monroe.
Spain gave Florida to the U.S. in exchange for $5 million and control of Texas.

4. Pro/Con Primary Source
Use the Primary Sources to complete the chart on the Pro/Con of American Exansion.

5. Texas: 1830s Stephen Austin In 1821, Texas was a part of Mexico.
Stephen Austin was an empresario = agent to bring settlers to Texas.
Stephen Austin brought the first 300 families to Texas - known as the Old Three Hundred.
By 1830, 25,000 Americans were living in Texas. They were required to become Mexican citizens and become Catholic.
The Americans had to follow Mexican law.
When Americans complained, Mexico closed Texas to further American immigration.
Stephen Austin

6. Texas Revolution: 1835-36 Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
After Mexico closed Texas to Americans, Stephen Austin went to negotiate with the Mexican leader, Antonio López de Santa Anna.
Austin was jailed, and the Texans revolted.
In February 23- March 6, 1836, Mexico attacked the Texans at the Alamo. This 13-day siege resulted in the killing of all the Americans (except some women, children and slaves).
In April, the Mexican army massacred the Texan rebels at Goliad.
After the Alamo and Goliad, Sam Houston surprise attacked Santa Anna at the Battle of San Jacinto. “Remember the Alamo! Remember Goliad!”
Texas won its independence.
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna

7. Annexation of Texas President Polk
Many Texans want to join the U.S. after it became independent.
Mexico warned the U.S. to not annex, or take control of, Texas
President Polk offered to buy California
Mexicans were convinced the U.S. intended to take the entire continent.
They refused to sell California.
President Polk

8. War With Mexico 1) Create your nametag
2) Read your role several times and memorize as much of the information as possible. Jot down some important facts.
3) Circulate the room. Use a different person for each question on your sheet. Its not a race take your time to talk with the historical figure.

9. The War Begins
April 25, 1846 Mexican and American forces clashed in disputed territory
Texas boundary dispute
11 American soldiers killed

10. The War Begins U.S. declared war two days later
American armies moved into California, New Mexico, and Texas to defend territories
California and New Mexico surrendered

11. Pro/Con Primary Source

12. Mexican American War: Invading Mexico
Zachary Taylor at his encampment during the Mexican War
Zachary Taylor led 6,000 U.S. troops into Mexico
Santa Ana led an army of 20,000
Both met near Monterey in 1847
Santa Ana retreated

13. Battles
Winfield Scott led navy to Vera Cruz and captured it on March 27 with 10,000 troops
Mexican army made a last stand at Chapultapec Castle, Sept. 13, 1847
Los Niño's Heroes
Mexico surrendered February 2, 1848
Battle of Vera Cruz fought in March of 1847

14. The Mexican-American War, 1846-1848

15. American Territorial Acquisition
Emigrant party on the road to California

16. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Officially ended the Mexican-American War in 1848
Mexican Cession included present-day California, Nevada, and Utah, & parts of Arizona, New Mexico, & Wyoming
Mexico was paid $15 Million
Another $3 million in debt was forgiven
Increased Size of the U.S. by almost 25%

17. Settlement
Mexicans in the cession areas were “protected in the free enjoyment of their liberty and property, and secured in the free exercise of their religion.”
Americans began to flood into the Southwest
Discrimination forced many Mexicans out of the territory
High Taxes & Racism

18. Mexican Cession

19. Gadsden Purchase of 1853
U.S. paid Mexico $10 million for southern parts of present-day Arizona and New Mexico.
This land was needed
for the expansion of
the Railroads.

20. We Take Nothing by Conquest, Thank God
Locate at least 5 passages from the reading that you find amusing, important, startling, moving, odd, confusing, etc.
Write out each quote and your detailed reaction to it.

21. Agree or Disagree? The United States needed the Mexican Cession land.
The United States is often a bully to other countries.
All is fair in love and war.
There is no way to always run a country fairly and democratically.

22. Manifest Destiny is Fulfilled The belief that the United States, having the best government and culture in the world, had the right and duty to control all lands from the Atlantic to the Pacific. It was also based on racism, that Americans were superior to Indians and Mexicans, which meant they had the right to these lands.

23. Questions How did President Polk avoid war with Britain over Oregon?
What were the causes & result of the Mexican-American War?
How was the United States able to fulfill it’s “Manifest Destiny” through the Mexican-American War?