1. The Emancipation Proclamation
Sammy, Dani and Sally

2. Who? What? When? How? Why? Who issued the Emancipation Proclamation?
What is the Proclamation?
When was the Proclamation?
How was the Proclamation Issued?
Why/what are the goals of issuing the Proclamation?

4. What is the Emancipation Proclamation?
Emancipation: set free from legal, social and political restrictions.
Proclamation: a public and official announcement.
Lincoln issued the proclamation through telegraph
This was an executive order. He was allowed to do this because it was an open rebellion.

5. What is the significance of the Emancipation Proclamation?
The Emancipation Proclamation is significant because it is the document that granted the southern slaves freedom.
It was important to the war because it defined which states were officially in rebellion against the Union, but Lincoln was strategic and kept the border states in the Union.
He freed the slaves in the South in order to weaken the confederacy, since their economy relied on the slaves’ free labor.

6. What was Lincoln’s strategy behind the Emancipation?
-Lincoln didn’t want to seem as if he were abusing his power.
-Freeing all of the slaves would have been a controversial action and would have been looked down upon.
- He was able to justify his decision and free the slaves in the south because he was only taking action and using his power against the rebelling states.

7. In Between Bull run and Antietam
-Growing tension from Republicans to end slavery
- Republicans wanted Lincoln to make a major step for the Union
- Tension for lincoln to announce the Proclamation

8. He makes a good decision by promising to protect the slaves’ freedom
Lincoln’s Goal
Contrary to popular belief, Lincoln’s main goal with the Emancipation Proclamation was to weaken the Confederacy- not to free the slaves.
He makes a good decision by promising to protect the slaves’ freedom
It is important that he gave blacks the right to fight
in the Union army, because instead of staying in
the South the slaves will now come to the North
and serve on the army. It is also symbolic.

9. What gave Lincoln the power to issue the Proclamation?
-The Emancipation Proclamation was an Executive Order, an order issued directly by the President
- Lincoln could announce it because it was during the time of an open rebellion
-The constitution grants the President the power to issue Executive orders, or proclamations, like these

10. Battle Strategies
During the Civil War, both sides had different battle strategies.
General Winfield Scott of the Union army was old and in poor health when he devised the Anaconda plan, the battle strategy that would allow the Northern army to defeat the Confederacy.
Scott was old and in poor health when the war began. He was 75 years old and around 300 lbs.
Scott had previously served in many wars in the past and had tried to run for President in 1852.

11. The Anaconda Plan
This is the battle strategy created by General Winfield Scott.
By blocking off their supply lines, Scott hoped the South would be forced into submission. His plan was mainly non aggressive and required the Navy to construct a blockade 3.5K miles of coast. th
This plan would starve the Confederacy and cut off contact with other nations who could possibly offer help.

12. The Southern battle Strategy
The Confederate army adopted an offensive- defensive strategy: They would not be the aggressors. Their main goal was to PROTECT Southern land, but they would take a chance to attack the Union army if they could.

13. Any Questions so far?
(We will stop in a few more slides for any more questions)

14. The Battle of Bull Run

15. Why did the North rush into the battle of Bull Run?
Lincoln felt very pressured to rush into battle. The media believed that it would only take one single battle for the Union to crush the Confederacy. He wanted to prove himself to the people.

16. What did the tone of the battle foreshadow about future battles?
The tone of the battle opened up the nation’s eyes to the bloody, horrific wars to come in the future. The war was only just getting started. The Battle of Bull Run had extreme psychological effects on the country. It foreshadowed the tragic outcome of the war. There was a new sense of fear in the nation.

17. Battle of Antietam - Maryland was a border state
-Battle takes place in Maryland
- Maryland was a border state
--this is the single bloodiest day in American history
-Overall there were 23,110 casualties
-Fighting begins in early
morning of
September 17th,1862

18. Battle of Antietam
-The Confederacy decided to split their forces; to do this Robert E. Lee issued what is called the “Special Order 191”
-Need to split forces to deal with strong union force at harpers ferry
-After he issued this, the Union soldiers found a copy of this document

19. Morning of The Battle of Antietam
-Robert E. Lee and his army are by Antietam Creek
-Lee plans secretly to have Stonewall jackson join his army from Harpers Ferry
-if Lee is forced to retreat he must escape across Potomac to Virginia
-Mclennan attacks first coming in from Lee’s left then his right finishing the attack from the center
-40 of Joe Hookers (Union army Officers) soldiers march across the Antietam Creek south going to Dunker Church
-Confederates occupy ground around Dunkers Church
- Armies engage near Miller's corn field
Throughout the battle there was no clear winner each sides suffers great losses (23,000 casualties)
-Later that day the south retreats and the north wins

20. Generals in the Battle of Antietam
-Robert E Lee was the current Confederate general
-He had forty thousand men
-Lee’s goal in the battle of Antietam was to defeat George B McClellan to prove to to france and england the confederacy had the power to be an independent nation
-McCLellan had eighty thousand men
- McCLellan's goal was to enable lincoln to wright the proclamation

21. Effects of the Battle
The battle makes it possible for Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation
France and England do not acknowledge the Confederacy an independent nation

22. The Goals of the Confederate States
The confederacy wanted to gain independence and secede from the Union. The goal of the Confederacy was to create a new country that would allow slavery.
They justified their desire to secede by saying that the Constitution protected slavery but the Union had not allowed slavery to carry on. They believed they needed to secede in order to protect their beliefs.

23. The Goals of the Union
-The goal of the Union was to bring the the Southern back together with the Northern states and save the Union. The Union wanted the best for everyone in America.
-Eventually, the meaning of the war shifted, as seen in the Emancipation Proclamation. The new goal of the union was to reunite the states and abolish slavery.

24. Border States

25. The border states are... Delaware, Kentucky,Maryland and Missouri.
States that have slavery but are not officially seceding or rebelling against the Union
States that are still part of the Union.
These states are important because they are wealthy and powerful. Because of this, it is important to Lincoln that these states remain as part of the Union because otherwise if these states secede, the Confederacy will be stronger.
In the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln does not address the border states. By not saying anything, he is saying SOMETHING: he is trying to stay on good terms with the border states so they don’t secede.

27. Why are the border states important
Why are the border states important? Especially in the Emancipation Proclamation and the Civil War?
These states are important because they are wealthy and powerful. Because of this, it is important to Lincoln that these states remain as part of the Union because otherwise if these states secede, the Confederacy will be stronger.
In the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln does not address the border states. By not saying anything, he is saying SOMETHING: he is trying to stay on good terms with the border states so they don’t secede.

28. Thank you,
Any Questions?