1. Add to Table of Contents:
Uses of Minerals Lab Pg. 70 Minerals of Earth’s Crust Pg. 71 Gemstone Questions Pg. 72 Groups of Minerals Pg. 73

2. Groups of Minerals
Minerals are grouped by the elements they are made of.
Beryl (Emerald)
Calcite
Amethyst

3. Contain Oxygen & Silica The most abundant group of minerals
Mineral Group
Characteristics
Examples
1. Silicates
Contain Oxygen & Silica
The most abundant group of minerals
Make up 96% of the Earth’s crust
Quartz (SiO2)
mica
Quartz
MICA

4. Mineral Group
Characteristics
Examples
2. Non-Silicates
Do not contain compounds of Silica and Oxygen
Make up only 4% of the Earth’s crust
Include some of the most important minerals
6 different groups.

5. Carbon & Oxygen and a positive ion, such as Calcium Calcite (CaCO3)
Mineral Group
Characteristics
Examples
A. Carbonates
Carbon & Oxygen and a positive ion, such as Calcium
Calcite (CaCO3)
Calcite with Duftite inclusions

6. Chlorine or Fluorine combined with Sodium or Potassium. Halite(NaCl)
Mineral Group
Characteristics
Examples
B. Halides
Chlorine or Fluorine combined with Sodium or Potassium.
Halite(NaCl)
Fluorite(CaF2)
Fluorite
Halite

7. Mineral Group
Characteristics
Examples
C. Oxides
Metallic ion and Oxygen
Hematite (Fe2)O3

8. Sulfur and a metallic ion Galena (PbS)
Mineral Group
Characteristics
Examples
D. Sulfides
Sulfur and a metallic ion
Galena (PbS)
Galena

9. Metallic ion, Sulfur & Oxygen Barite (BaSO4)
Mineral Group
Characteristics
Examples
E. Sulfates
Metallic ion, Sulfur & Oxygen
Barite (BaSO4)
Barite BaSO4
Barite on Calcite BaSO4 / CaCO3

10. Mineral Group
Characteristics
Examples
F. Native Elements
Single elements
Gold (Au), Diamond (C), Silver (Ag)

11. What is a gem? A Mineral OR Rock that has value Rare !
Sometimes polishing or cutting will add value

12. Gemstone Questions