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Published bySonny Susman Modified over 6 years ago
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What is the easiest way for chlorine to get 8 valence?
Atoms want to attain noble gas stability of valence s & p orbitals filled…. What is the easiest way for sodium to get 8 valence? Na:1s22s22p6 3s1 What is the easiest way for chlorine to get 8 valence? Cl: 1s22s22p63s23p5 Pg lose gain Octet Rule – atoms tend to _____, _____ or _______ until they have 8 valence electrons share
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Cation: “+” (positively) charged ion
Anion: “-” (negatively) charged ion Pg 55-57
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Use what you know about electron configurations & Lewis Dot diagrams to predict the charge for each ion: K O I P Zn Ti
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Ionic Bonding electron transfer from one atom to another
to create noble gas stable ions oppositely charged ions attract Pg 56-57;
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Ionic Bonding the electrical attraction that “glues” (keeps the ions together) is called “ionic bond” Linked Pg 56-57;
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Formula Writing “NaCl” LinkEd LinkEd when writing chemical formulas
positive cation is written first negative anion is written second total charge of cation must equal total charge of anion LinkEd “NaCl” LinkEd
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How/what compound forms when Ca bonds with Cl ???
write Lewis dot diagram for Ca write Lewis dot diagram for Cl How must electrons transfer to create noble gas stability Write the formula for this compound. CaCl2 Linked
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How/what compound forms when Mg bonds with N ???
Write Lewis Dot Diagram for Mg Write Lewis Dot Diagram for N How must electrons transfer to create noble gas stability Write the formula for the new compound. LinkEd Magnesium nitride was the catalyst in the first practical synthesis of borazon (cubic boron nitride). CBN is used as a blade sharpener instead of diamond.
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ions bond together to make a new/ different compound…
You’re gonna call me WHAT??? ions bond together to make a new/ different compound… so…what do we call the new compound?
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Naming Monoatomic Ions
Cations named for parent element followed by “ion” Na+ “sodium ion” K + ??? “potassium ion” Anions named for parent element BUT drop the ending and add “ide” Br- bromine becomes “bromide ion” S-2 ??? Oxygen ??? “sulfide ion” “oxide ion”
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Transition Metal Ions can have more than one charge (Fe+2 or Fe+3 )…so how do you know which is in a compound? Stock System – use Roman numerals to designate charge Pb+2 lead (II) ion Pb+4 lead (IV) ion Latin System – if only two possible charges, use: suffix “ous” to designate lower charge suffix “ic” to designate higher charge Fe+2 ferrous ion Fe+3 ferric ion
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Naming Binary Ionic Compounds
Write cation first followed by anion KI “potassium iodide” if cation can have multiple charges; designate specific charge using either the Stock or Latin System PbO2 ???
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Practice – write the formula and name for the compound that forms when the following bond
strontium and bromine sodium and phosphorous iron (II) ion and oxygen
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Polyatomic Ions two or more atoms bound together predominantly by covalently bonds they form a stable group that carries a charge (NH4)+ “ammonium ion” (OH)- “hydroxide ion”
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Practice – write the formula and name for the compound that forms when the following bond
strontium and hydroxide sodium and phosphate iron (II) and sulfate
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