1. 4k Discussion
Sony Pictures

2. Sony Pictures Confidential
4k Content Creation
9/21/2018
Sony Pictures Confidential

3. 4k Files Finish in 4k 4k Digital Cinema Downscale to 2k Finish in 2k
Sony F65 – shoot in 4k
Downscale to 2k
Finish in 2k
Master in HD
Blu-ray
“Mastered in 4k”
Scan in 4k
2k Digital Cinema
Shoot on film
Film Scanner
Scan in 2k
Master in HD
Blu-ray
Film in Archive
2k Files
Finish in 2k
2k Digital Cinema
Sony F35 – shoot in HD

4. Digital Camera Resolution
9/21/2018
Sony Pictures Confidential

5. HD and 2k Cameras

6. 4k Cameras

7. Sony Pictures Confidential
4k or not?
F55?
9/21/2018
Sony Pictures Confidential

8. Sony Pictures Confidential
Making 4k better than HD
9/21/2018
Sony Pictures Confidential

9. Differentiating 4k from HD
4k has to be differentiated from HD in three ways:
Higher resolution
Wider color gamut
Display more colors
Higher dynamic range
Better shadows and highlights
A consumer sitting further from the screen than the HD viewing distance cannot discern more detail in 4k than in HD
Diagonal Inches
HD Viewing Distance Feet
4k Viewing Distance Feet 85
10.4
5.2 65
8.0
4.0
9/21/2018
Sony Pictures Confidential

10. Sony Pictures Confidential
vxYCC color for 4k and HD
9/21/2018
Sony Pictures Confidential

11. Sony Pictures Confidential
xvYCC Color
Background:
xvYCC is a color space that supports a gamut larger than the color space of HDTV which is called Rec 709
xvYCC was proposed by Sony and published in January 2006 as an IEC standard
xvYCC makes use of code values that are not defined in Rec 709
The Bravia XBR8 supported xvYCC but the feature was apparently removed later models
Blu-ray discs mastered in xvYCC will be watched by many consumers on TVs that do not support xvYCC
Blu-ray players will not convert from xvYCC to Rec 709
Care has to be taken when mastering xvYCC content to ensure it looks good when displayed on a Rec 709 TV
The way that a Rec 709 TV displays xvYCC code values undefined in Rec 709 is not also not defined
9/21/2018
Sony Pictures Confidential

12. Sony Pictures Confidential
Mastering xvYCC
QC on xvYCC display
BD Master P3
Transform
& Color Correction
xvYCC
Master
QC on Rec 709 display
Notes:
P3 is the color space for digital cinema and all theatrical content is mastered in P3
Rec 709 is the standard color space for HDTV
The xvYCC color space is larger than Rec 709 but smaller than P3
Transform
Rec 709 Master
QC on Rec 709 display
iTunes Master
9/21/2018
Sony Pictures Confidential

13. Content protection for 4k
9/21/2018
Sony Pictures Confidential

14. Sony Pictures Confidential
4k Content Protection
4k in the home is being driven by CE, not the studios
Studios show little interest in releasing 4k to the home
Studios can afford to wait for enhanced content protection before releasing 4k premium content
The enhanced content protection discussion started in DECE/Ultraviolet over a year ago
Most of the other studios are looking for enhanced content protection for HD in the home entertainment window
The latest proposal from the implementers in DECE is that enhanced content protection will apply to 4k, early window HD and 3D content
Note: The security requirements for some content (e.g. sports events, reality entertainment) may be less than for premium content
9/21/2018
Sony Pictures Confidential

15. Sony Pictures Confidential
AACS
AACS, the content protection for Blu-ray discs, has problems:
Vulnerable to “hack once, hack all”: when an AACS device key is exposed all content on BD discs manufactured before that key is revoked can be ripped
AACS security breaches can only be dealt with by revoking device keys
The AACS revocation process takes 3-6 months
Illegal Blu-ray ripping is now a cloud service offered by off-shore providers
The studios in the AACS founders agreed to compromises for CE device makers
AACS allowed high definition analog outputs on Blu-ray players until recently
HD analog outputs cannot be protected
9/21/2018
Sony Pictures Confidential

16. Sony Pictures Confidential
DRAFT
Content Delivery for 4k
9/21/2018
Sony Pictures Confidential

17. DRAFT Use Cases Electronic Sell Through (EST)
Consumer purchases title through Online Account
Consumer downloads content to any device registered to Online Account
Device transparently obtains playback license
Consumer plays content
Physical media with on-line activation
Consumer purchases title on physical media
Registered device responds to media insertion and adds to consumer’s Online Account
Directly from physical media
From copy on registered device
DRAFT

18. DRAFT Use Cases Physical media without on-line activation Streaming
Consumer purchases title on physical media
Consumer plays content directly from physical media
Consumer cannot copy content, must have physical media
Requires different content protection scheme
Streaming
Consumer purchases title (ownership or rental) through Online Account
Device connects to streaming provider using Online Account
Device transparently obtains playback license
Consumer streams content to any authorized device
DRAFT

19. Physical Media Offering
Many consumers want to buy physical media with an electronic copy
Studios bundle a Blu-ray disc with a digital offering (e.g. UV, bonus digital copy, AACS managed copy, etc.)
Studios are selling 2 copies for the price of one
Consumers keep the disc and use the digital offer 
Consumers keep the disc and sell the digital offer 
Consumer use the digital offer and sell the disc 
DRAFT

20. DRAFT Content Delivery
Use the same file format for download and physical media
Standardized file format such as the Common File Format (CFF)
Physical media and download are just two different ways to get the 4k file to the consumer
Streaming with industry standard MPEG-DASH
Uses a file format that is similar to CFF
SPE is researching 4k delivery using H.264 (AVC) as an interim codec
Initial results are encouraging
Other companies are doing similar research
H.265 (HEVC) is the long term solution but completion of standard, resolution of IPR claims and implementation may make immediate adoption difficult
However, without an upgrade path to H.265 early adopters of 4k products will be unable to get new 4k content
DRAFT