1. Cellular Respiration

2. Hypothesize why there are more mitochondria in people with Luft syndrome. Explain your reasoning.

3. Aerobic Cellular Respiration
extracts energy from food in the presence of oxygen
energy is used to synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi
eukaryotes & prokaryotes that are obligate aerobes undergo Cellular respiration

4. The Overall Equation
Image from:

5. Note the outline of the mitochondria in the background of the figure of the next slide…
Which step of cellular respiration takes place outside of the mitochondria?
Check your diagram and label of the mitochondria with the one found on slide 8.

6. Cellular Respiration

7. “The Powerhouse”
Image from:

8. Aerobic Cellular Respiration
4 stages:
Glycolysis
Pyruvate oxidation (Transition stage)
Citric acid cycle
Electron transport Chain & oxidative phosphorylation

9. Note the graphic on the next slide and consider:
What happens to all of the carbon molecules in sugar?
At what stage of Cellular Respiration is most of the ATP made?
Note how many carbon dioxide and water molecules are created and how many oxygen molecules are required. How do these numbers relate to the chemical equation?

10. 6 Carbons Glucose sugar
Electron
Transport Chain
32 ATP
6O2
6H2O C
Pyruvate
oxidation
CO2 2
Citric Acid Cycle
2 ATP
CO2 C 4 C
2 ATP
Glycolysis C

11. Overall view of C.R.
Image from: 0Notes/Cellular%20Respiration%20Webpage/Respiration%20Web%20 Notes.html

12. Make note of where each stage of CR takes place
Make note of where each stage of CR takes place. You may want to add that information to your diagram of the mitochondria.

13. 1. Glycolysis takes place in cytoplasm
enzymes break down one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate
some ATP and NADH are produced

14. 2. Pyruvate Oxidation (transition stage)
occurs in the mitochondria
pyruvate is transported (via carrier protein) into mitochondria and is oxidized, forming acetyl-CoA
CO2 and NADH are produced

15. 3. Citric Acid (Krebs) Cycle
takes place in mitochondria
acetyl-CoA enters a cycle and is completely oxidized to CO2
ATP, NADH and FADH2 are produced

16. 4. Electron Transport… takes place in mitochondria
the NADH and FADH2 from the first 3 stages are oxidized
H2O and a large amount of ATP is produced (32-34)

17. Image from: http://www. instruction. greenriver
Image from: 0Notes/Cellular%20Respiration%20Webpage/Respiration%20Web%20 Notes.html

18. ATP can be produced in two ways:
1. Substrate-level phosphorylation
- catalyzed by a kinase
- phosphate is transferred directly from a substrate
(Image from:

19. 2. Oxidative phosphorylation catalyzed by ATP synthase
process uses energy transferred indirectly from a series of redox reactions
(Image from:

20. What if there is no O2?
many organisms can extract energy from food without using oxygen using anaerobic respiration and fermentation
much lower amount of energy release in anaerobic pathways

21. Anaerobic Respiration
We know what obligate aerobes are…
What about…
obligate anaerobes?
facultative anaerobes?
Obligate anaerobes - bacteria that cause botulism, tetanus, protist Trichonympha
Facultative anaerobes - yeast, E. coli bacteria that live in our gut

22. Write a three sentence summary of Cellular Respiration.