1. Chapter 14 – Section 3
The Crisis Deepens

2. Birth of the Republican Party, 1854
Northern Whigs.
Northern Democrats.
Free-Soilers.
Know-Nothings. (Political party from who was against Germans and Irish Catholic immigrants who they felt were ruining America)
Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
All came together to form the NEW Republican Party in 1854
Republicans win 105 of 245 seats in House elections!

3. 1856 Presidential Election
√ James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican Whig

4. Fremont makes a strong showing in the North!
1856 Election Results
Fremont makes a strong showing in the North!

5. Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857

6. Dred Scott
Dred Scott was a former slave owned by a U.S. Army doctor that had moved from Illinois and Wisconsin to Missouri
Scott sued for his freedom because Illinois and Wisconsin were free states
Supreme Court Chief Justice Roger Tanney said Scott was not free for two reasons
One he had no right to sue because he was black
Two he was considered property!
Tanney even went further to declare that Congress had no power to prohibit slavery and the Missouri Compromise was therefore unconstitutional

7. Reaction
The South and all supporters of slavery were dancing in the streets!
Most Northerners and abolitionists were appalled!
However, this decision lit the fire for many people who were undecided on the issue and gave rise to fuel the fire for the Lincoln-Douglas debates.

8. The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858
Lincoln opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act that Douglas was responsible for
“A house divided against itself cannot stand.”
Lincoln did not want to ban slavery, just the spread of it.
A House divided against itself, cannot stand.

9. Senator Stephen Douglas the “Little Giant”
Douglas was not for slavery, just popular sovereignty
Made Lincoln out to be an abolitionist
Was not for race equality, but so no reason why blacks should not have rights spelled out in D.O.I.
Douglas wins in 1858
Popular Sovereignty?

10. John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry, 1859
After “Bleeding Kansas” John Brown goes east
1859 Brown and friends attack Harper’s Ferry and hope to create a slave uprising toward freedoms
Brown was caught by Robert E. Lee and his troops
Brown was hung, but became a hero of the North in the cause against slavery
John Brown Song becomes a battle cry in 1861

11. Sung to the same tune as “The Battle of the Hymn Republic”

12. The Coming of the Civil War
Chapter 14 – Section 4
The Coming of the Civil War

13. Republican Party Platform in 1860
Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers].
Protective tariff [for the Industrialists].
No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”].
Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest].
Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense.
Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers].

14. 1860 Presidential Election
√ Abraham Lincoln Republican
John Bell Constitutional Union
Stephen A. Douglas Northern Democrat
John C. Breckinridge Southern Democrat

15. 1860 Election: 3 “Outs” & 1 ”Run!”

16. 1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!

17. 1860
Election
Results

18. Secession!: South Carolina first on Dec. 20, 1860

19. The Confederate States of America
From December 1860 – March when Lincoln is finally able to take the oath of office seven states have left the Union and voted to form their own country
Jefferson Davis named President of the Confederate States of America
Not all southerners are for secession, but their voices are not as powerful
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20. Lincoln’s first inauguration
March 4, 1861 he tries to ensure the seceded states that he has no intentions of ending slavery
Also states that they have no right to break free and that if war results that it is their choice not his.
Lincoln’s speech not accepted by the South and they take over post offices, forts and other federal property
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21. Problems continue for Mr. Lincoln at Fort Sumter
South tried to starve out soldiers in the fort and force them to surrender from late December 1860 to early April 1861
Lincoln does not want to lose the fort or be known for starting a war
Decides to send food, but no guns or troop support
South throws first punch!

22. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861

23. Inside Fort Sumter
Your book provides a view of this for us!