1. Atmosphere
Chapter 15

2. Bellwork
-First, make a cover page for our new chapter, “Atmosphere, chapter 15”
Then complete the following
Write three things you know about Earth’s atmosphere.

3. Bill Nye Video and worksheet

4. Bellwork
What is our atmosphere made up of?

5. Weather: the condition of Earth’s atmosphere at a particular time and place
Atmosphere: the envelope of gases that surround the planet

6. Weather

7. Atmosphere

8. Composition of the Atmosphere
Earth’s atmosphere is made up of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and many other gases, as well as particles of liquids and solids

9. Bellwork
What was the most interesting thing you learned from the webquest yesterday?

10. On your own
Read about the composition of Earth’s atmosphere ( )
Summarize the important info for 6 main ingredients in Earth’s atmosphere in your notebook

11. Bellwork
What is the importance of the atmosphere?

12. Nitrogen
Most abundant gas in the atmosphere
More than ¾ of the air we breathe

13. Oxygen Second most abundant gas
Less than ¼ the volume of the atmosphere
Plants and animals take oxygen to help release energy from their food
Oxygen is used in many different chemical reactions (burning, rust, etc)
Ozone-oxygen with 3 atoms

14. Carbon Dioxide
Plants must have carbon dioxide to make food
They also give it off as a waste product
Burning fuels also give off carbon dioxide

15. Oxygen and nitrogen make up 99% of dry air Argon and CO2 make up 1%
Other Gases
Oxygen and nitrogen make up 99% of dry air
Argon and CO2 make up 1%
Other gases (like on 513) are in trace amounts

16. Water vapor amounts vary from place to place and time to time
Water in the form of gas
Invisible
Water vapor amounts vary from place to place and time to time

17. Particles
Pure air contains only gas
Real air contains liquid and solid particles such as dust, smoke, salt, and other chemicals

18. Importance of Atmosphere
Earth’s atmosphere makes conditions on Earth suitable for living things
It contains gases necessary for life
It traps moisture and warmth necessary for life
It protects from radiation
It prevents most collisions from meteors and rocks

19. Complete Section 1 Assessment in Your Notebook

20. Group Activity Groups will be assigned a topic to teach the class.
Work together to find an interesting way to present your topic to the class
Every member must participate

21. Group one: Properties of Air
Group two: Measuring air pressure
Group three: Altitude and the properties of air
First: READ the entire section to yourself….then begin brainstorming ideas
You may need to read sections prior to your own to better understand your topic

22. Section 2 Air Pressure

23. Properties of Air
Because air has mass, it also has other properties such as density and pressure
Density: The amount of mass in a given volume of air

24. Properties of Air Pressure: the force pushing on an area
Air Pressure: the result of the weight of a column of air pushing down on an area

25. Air pressure

26. Properties of Air
Air pressure can change from day to day
Denser air has different properties

27. What are the four main layers of the atmosphere?
Bellwork
What are the four main layers of the atmosphere?

28. Measuring Air Pressure
Barometer: an instrument used to measure air pressure
Two types: Mercury, Aneroid

29. Altitude and the Properties of Air
Altitude: (elevation) is the distance above sea level
Air pressure decreases as altitude increases
As Air pressure decreases, so does density

30. Altitude and Properties of Air

31. Complete section 1 and 2 assessments in your notebook

32. Section 3
LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE

33. Partner Activity
With your desk partner, create a poster illustrating the 4 main layers of the Atmosphere.
For each layer you must include:
The distance from the Earth
A short description of the layer
Something interesting or important about the layer

34. Next Read the “Science in History” section of section 3.
In your notebooks, write 2 paragraphs about the most interesting discoveries made by these scientists.
Homework if not completed in class

35. Air Quality
Pollutants: harmful substances in the air, water, or soil.

36. Sources of Pollution
Natural Sources: Forest fires, dust storms, volcanoes, wind, soil erosion

37. Forest fires

38. dust storms

39. volcanoes

40. soil erosion

41. Human Activities
Burning of fossil fuels:
Motor vehicles, factories & Power Plants

42. Power Plants

43. Motor Vehicle Pollution

44. Human Activities
Fossil fuels, factories, power plants
Burning fossil fuels releases both gases and particles (soot)
Some chemicals released are partially burned hydrocarbons
Other chemicals include carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides

45. Burning fossil fuels produces smog and acid rain

46. London Type Smog: Created by burning coal
Soot combines with air and makes smog (smoke/fog)

47. London-Type Smog

48. Photochemical smog occurs in sunny cities
Sunlight reacts with pollutants to create ozone and other harmful chemicals

49. Photochemical Smog

50. Photochemical Smog

51. These and nitrogen oxides combine with water to form acid rain
Burning fossil fuels, especially coal or substances heavy with sulfur, creates sulfur oxides.
These and nitrogen oxides combine with water to form acid rain
Acid rain can harm structures, plants, and ecosystems

52. Acid Rain

53. Acid Rain

54. Acid Rain

55. On Your Own Read about the pollutants human activities release
Summarize the important information
Make sure you include the 3 main pollutants fossil fuels release
Also use the chart at the top of the page and write how these pollutants affect your health.

56. Smog and Acid Rain
Burning of fossil fuels can cause smog and acid rain
On your own, summarize London-type smog, photochemical smog, and acid rain.
Then, with your desk partner:
Read the section on air quality
Summarize what we are already doing to improve air quality
Then come up with ways that you as individuals and as a community can help improve air quality