1. RECONSTRUCTION
APUSH

2. Presidential Reconstruction, 1863-1865
During the War…
Lincoln’s 10% Plan
“Wade-Davis Bill” (vetoed)
Johnson’s Plan, 1865
Simple oath = pardon
Had to approve 13A…
Result?
7 states create gov’ts = “status quo ante-bellum”
Andrew Johnson
Abraham Lincoln

3. Congressional Reconstruction, 1866-1868
Congress refuses to seat So. delegates
Passes Civil Rights Bill of 1866
Passes Freedman’s Bureau Act
Both are vetoed
Both are overridden
CR Bill is 1st major override EVER → 14th Amendment

4. Congressional Challenge of the Presidency
Impeachment of Johnson
Tenure of Office Act…

5. The Impeachment Process
House of Representatives
HR forms committees to determine if any “high crimes and misdemeanors” have been committed
HR votes on each issue; 51% is needed to “impeach” (bring official charges against)
Senate Trial
Chief Justice of Supreme Court = Judge
Senators = Jury; need 2/3 of Senate to kick out of office

6. Johnson’s Impeachment
11 articles of impeachment
Johnson chastised
Precedent set—no impeachment for purely political reasons

7. Radical Republican Reconstruction, 1868-1877
See Red Book p.449
Successes
Black suffrage (15th Amendment)
Public Schools set up
Military occupation of South
GOP majority in all So. States
Carpetbaggers, scalawags & freedmen
Blacks politicized
More gov’t programs
Racial discrimination outlawed (for the time being)
Failures
Gov’t programs → graft, corruption, high taxes, huge public debts
A carpetbagger

8. Why Reconstruction ended…
Southern Resistance
Whites unwilling to accept equality with blacks
Corruption charges = true
KKK, et. al. rise up
Northern Retreat
Politically tired (or dead!)
Dems win HR 1874
Economic issues drive Nat'l agenda

9. Election of 1876 Hayes (R) vs. Tilden (D) Tilden wins Popular vote
Charges of corruption in 4 states
Special committee called
House certification
“Compromise of 1876”

10. Reconstruction’s Aftermath
Return to a Democrat controlled South
Creation of segregated South
Effective nullification of 14A & 15 A
KKK, et al.
Jim Crow Laws
Poll tax, literacy test, grandfather clause…

11. Historical Questions
Did Reconstruction pave the way for the Civil Rights movement of the 1960s, or were they completely different movements?
In other words, was there one Reconstruction, or two?

12. Reflection Questions
What was so “radical” about the radical republicans?
Why did Reconstruction end? Give one reason for both the North and the South.
List two things that you learned that were interesting &/or that you will remember easily a month from now.