1. The 1850s:
Road to
Secession

2. Compromise of 1850

3. Harriet Tubman
(1820 – 1913)
Underground Railroad

4. Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811 – 1896)
So this is the lady who started the Civil War. -- Abraham Lincoln

5. Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852 Sold 300,000 copies in the first year.
2 million in a decade!

6. Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 1852

7. 1852 Presidential Election
√ Franklin Pierce Gen. Winfield Scott John Parker Hale Democrat Whig Free Soil

8. 1852 Election Results

9. Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854

10. Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)
“Bleeding Kansas”
Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)

11. “The Crime Against Kansas”
Sen. Charles Sumner (R-MA)
Congr. Preston Brooks (D-SC)

12. John Brown: Madman, Hero or Martyr?
Mural in the Kansas Capitol building by John Steuart Curry (20c)

13. Birth of the Republican Party, 1854
Northern Whigs.
Northern Democrats.
Free-Soilers.
Know-Nothings.
Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

14. 1856 Presidential Election
√ James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican Whig

15. 1856 Election Results

16. Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857

17. The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858
A House divided against itself, cannot stand.

18. Stephen Douglas & the Freeport Doctrine
Popular Sovereignty?

19. John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry, 1859

20. 1860 Presidential Election
John Bell Constitutional Union
√ Abraham Lincoln Republican
John C. Breckinridge Southern Democrat
Stephen A. Douglas Northern Democrat

21. Republican Party Platform in 1860
Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers.
Protective tariff [for the No. Industrialists].
No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”].
Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest].
Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense.
Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers].

22. 1860 Election: 3 “Outs” & 1 ”Run!”

23. 1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!

24. 1860
Election
Results

25. Crittenden Compromise: A Last Ditch Appeal to Sanity
Senator John J. Crittenden (Know-Nothing-KY)

26. Secession!: SC Dec. 20, 1860

27. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861