1. Parliament Limits the English Monarchy

2. James I (King James Stuart of Scotland)
Elizabeth I left him a TON of debt
Struggles w/Parliament over $$$
Conflict w/Puritans who wanted reforms

3. Charles I Fights Parliament
Son of James I
1628 – called Parliament in order to get $ - had to sign Petition of Right
Petition of Right
Not imprison subjects w/out cause
Not levy taxes w/out Par.’s consent
Not house soldiers in private homes
Not impose martial law in peacetime

4. Charles I Fights Parliament
Charles ignored the petition
He dissolved Parliament
Imposed fees & fines on English people to get $

5. Conflict Between Kingdoms
England is Anglican , Charles tried to force his kingdom (included Scotland) to accept Anglican Church
Scots rebelled
Charles forced to call Parliament into session for help!
This caused….. English Civil War

6. English Civil War Royalists or Cavaliers
The Puritans who opposed Charles were known as…
Roundheads
Oliver Cromwell –
Puritan general who helped defeat the king

8. Oliver Cromwell’s England
Charles on trial – found guilty of treason – sentenced to death
Oliver Cromwell’s Government
Established a commonwealth = republican form of gov’t
Drafted first written constitution Later he ripped up constitution
and became military dictator)

9. The Puritans Abolished sinful activities (theater, sports, dancing)
Religious toleration for all Christians EXCEPT Catholics

10. Charles II
The British were tired of military rule, so Charles II came in and brought back the king!
This is called the Restoration
He established habeas corpus (Latin = “to have the body”)
PRISONER’S RIGHTS!
Right to obtain writ ordering that he be brought before judge to specify charges
Monarch can’t just throw anyone in jail
Prisoners could not be held indefinitely w/out
trial
Seems great, but he eventually dies and James II
comes along

11. "I have always said the first Whig was the Devil" (Samuel Johnson).
James II
Whigs?
Those who opposed James II (non-Catholic)
Tories?
Those who supported James II (Catholic)
His daughter Mary was Protestant – married to William of Orange (prince in Netherlands)
"I have always said the first Whig was the Devil" (Samuel Johnson).
"Wit and fool are consequents of Whig and Tory; and every man is a knave or an ass to the contrary side" (Dryden).

12. Glorious Revolution of 1688
Parliament asked Mary & Will to overthrow James II – James fled England
Bloodless overthrow
NEW RULERS: William of Orange & Mary

13. Activity William and Mary of Orange are the new leaders
What rights should the people have in England?
In your groups, chat and come up with
5 rights that should be guaranteed to all
3 limits on the King

14. A New Type of Monarchy Constitutional monarchy.
Laws limit the ruler’s power
Bill of Rights of 1689
state a ruler could
NO suspending of Parliament’s laws
NO levying of taxes w/out grant from Parliament
NO interfering w/freedom of speech in Parliament
NO penalty for citizen who petitions the king

15. Group of gov’t ministers, or officials
Cabinet?
Group of gov’t ministers, or officials
Acted in ruler’s name but represented the major party of Parliament
Leader of Parliament?
Prime Minister
Exit Ticket:
What mistakes to leaders make that cause them to be overthrown?
Sir Robert Walpole