1. Reminders Unit 3 Syllabus is now on-line HMWK for next class
Read and Take Notes pp 150 – 163
Read ‘Treaty of Paris of 1763” (on Weebly) and create a graphic organizer showing the gains & losses of France, Great Britain & Spain

2. Mercantilism & the Causes of the American Revolution
America’s History Ch. 5

3. - Author - Place & Time - Prior Knowledge - Audience - Reason - The Main Idea - Significance

4. I. Mercantilism – a nation’s power depends on its wealth
More exports than imports
Colonies produce agricultural goods & raw materials & buy manufactures
GB pursued policies that subsidized (funding) & charters to stimulate manufacturing & foreign trade
Ex: East India Tea Company; Royal African Company
Lords of Trade (1621) created to promote colonial trade & plantations
1624, makes Virginia a Royal Colony
1686, approves the Dominion of New England

5. II. Navigation Acts
1651 –Prevented French & Dutch from using American Ports
Ships had to be owned by GB or American colonial merchants
1660 –Colonists export sugar & molasses only to GB
1663 –All imports to the colonies must pass through GB first
Vice-Admiralty Courts established to punish violators
Seldom enforced in the colonies

6. Naval Warfare
Attacked Dutch ships & forts in West Africa
1664 –drove Dutch out of New Amsterdam
Rise of Merchant Shipping
The amount of tonnage shipped b/w the colonies & GB double b/w

7. By the rude bridge that arched the flood, Their flag to April's breeze unfurled, Here once the embattled farmers stood, And fired the shot heard round the world.
The foe long since in silence slept; Alike the conqueror silent sleeps; And Time the ruined bridge has swept Down the dark stream which seaward creeps.
On this green bank, by this soft stream, We set to-day a votive stone; That memory may their deed redeem, When, like our sires, our sons are gone.
Spirit, that made those heroes dare To die, and leave their children free, Bid Time and Nature gently spare The shaft we raise to them and thee.
AP PARTS

8. Effects of the F&I War IV. Salutary Neglect ends -1763
replaced by imperial administration
More than 10,000 troops left in the colonies after F&I war
‘To secure the dependence of the colonies on GB’
GB comes to terms with the fact that Royal governors often had less power than colonial assemblies
many assemblies paid the governor’s salary
Assemblies often decided whether or not to call out the militia
Bureaucracy doubles (to administer new empire)
GB debt climbs from 75 million to 133 million
Debt is 60% of national budget

9. Revenue Act, 1762 –enforces trade duties Currency Act, 1764
V. Legislation
Revenue Act, 1762 –enforces trade duties
Currency Act, 1764
Paper money no longer legal tender; only gold or silver accepted
Sugar Act, 1764
Customs duty added to French molasses
Custom enforcement tightened
Vice-admiralty courts in the colonies for smugglers –no jury trials

10. VI. Colonial Reaction to Unjust Authority (Scots-Irish)
Regulator Movement,
NC farmers in debt due to falling Tobacco prices
Merchants & other creditors used courts to confiscate property
Mobs of farmers attacked judges, closed courts
Asked for lower property taxes
Gov. Tryon refused; Used eastern NC militia & British soldiers to defeat Regulators
Paxton Boys,1763
Non-Quakers want Natives expelled, Quaker controlled gov’t refuses
Western PA farmers attack peaceful Conestoga tribe & march towards Philadelphia declaring to burn it
Ben Franklin negotiates truce
Failed to be brought to justice due to lack of witness

11. VII. Political Factions
Tories –Typically members of the House of Lords
Pro-Empire; expansion of government
Whigs –Typically members of the House of Commons
Republican ideals; sympathy w/Commonwealth, Puritan gov’t (Oliver Cromwell)
Anti-empire (too expensive)
*Typically the faction out of power

12. The Beginning of the End
VIII. Stamp Act , tax on printed items (documents, newspapers, cards)
Purpose
To raise $ to support the army in the Americas
Similar to one in England
Lack of Success
The Mob; urban resistance
Boycott –Sons & Daughters of Liberty
Stamp Act Congress, NYC, 1765
Letter of grievances
Eventually Repealed

13. IX. ‘No taxation, without representation’
Declaratory Act, 1766 –Parliament has the authority to pass any law of regulation on trade on the colonies
Townshend Acts, 1766
Tax paper, paint, tea, glass
Restraining Act –limited colonial legislatures
Purpose
Pay the salaries of royal officials in the colonies (governors, no longer controlled by colonial legislatures
Resistance
Raised revenue, instead of regulated trade
Colonists argued that taxing to raise revenue, should only be done if the people are represented in the decision
Boycott hurt British merchants
Boston Massacre, 1770
–repealed in 1770, except tea tax

14. X. From Englishmen to Americans (1770 – 1775)
Committees of Correspondence, 1772
‘to state the rights of English men’
Organizer Samuel Adams (Boston chapter, led to 80 more in MA w/in a year – spread to SC within a year)
Attack of the Gaspee, 1772 – British Customs ship destroyed off the coast of RI
Tea Act, 1773
East India Tea Co. gets a monopoly of tea
Lowers prices –makes ‘English’ tea cheap, even w/ new tax
Boston Tea Party, 1773
Coercive (Intolerable) Acts, 1774
Boston Port Bill
Quartering Act
Justice Act
Quebec Act* Catholicism allowed in former French territory
1st Continental Congress, 1774
12 colonies
Asked for redress & removal of Coercive Acts
King George III unresponsive

15. Battle of Lexington & Concord, April 1775
Rural farmers come to support the cause later
Begin hiding guns, powder from British troops
Train ‘minutemen’
2nd Continental Congress
Olive Branch Petition, Summer 1775
Attempt to make peace after the hostilities
George III refuses to read document
By July 1776 produces the Declaration of Independence