Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
1
Reconstruction
3
Reconstruction A policy to reunify, restore, and “reconstruct” the nation
4
Major Problem Who decides HOW we will reconstruct our nation?
5
Lincoln’s Plan Reconcile NOT punish
Offered a pardon to all Southerners Take an oath of loyalty to the United States (10%) Accept thirteenth amendment
6
Lincoln v. Radical
7
Radical Republican’s Plan
Thaddeus Stevens No Reconciliation Three Main Goals: Confederate leaders cannot return to power Republican Party in the South Help African Americans to achieve political equality (right to vote)
8
How can we reconstruct the Union?
Radicals Lincoln How can we reconstruct the Union?
9
Compromise? Wade-Davis Bill Congress Passes
Majority of white males pledge allegiance Abolish slavery Reject all debts No Confederate political leaders Congress Passes President Vetoes with a Pocket Veto
10
Congressional Reconstruction
11
Johnson’s Plan “Restoration” Program – Proclamation of Amnesty
Pardon ALL* Confederates (with oath) Return their property *excluded military officers & anyone owning property over $20,000
12
Johnson’s Plan Cont. Model for Restoration – Proclamation for North Carolina Need to: Call a Constitutional Convention, Ratify the 13th Amendment, reject all Civil War Debts Angers Congress (all done while Congress was not in session)
13
Reactions to Johnson’s Plan
Many former Confederate officers were elected to Congress Black Codes: Severely limited the rights of African Americans in the South
14
Military Reconstruction
Division of South into 5 Military Districts Led by Union generals In order to join Union: Constitutional Convention Right to vote: every male regardless of race Ratify the 14th Amendment (citizenship)
16
Disagreements with Johnson
Congress could override any veto of Johnson’s Johnson could refuse to enforce the laws passed Secretary of War Stanton agrees with Congress What does Congress do? Pass the Tenure of Office Act Requires Congress to approve the removal of any government official Fires Stanton Brings up Impeachment – only one vote short of conviction
17
Republican Rule Carpetbaggers – Northern intruders (not all bad)
Teachers went South to help educate whites and African Americans Scalawags – White Southerners who worked with the Republicans and LIKED Reconstruction
18
Republican Reforms in the South
Repealed Black Codes State Offices Elected Established Hospitals Established Orphanages Rebuilt Roads Rebuilt Railways Rebuilt Bridges Provided money for new railroads and industries Established a system of public schools Think back to Presentations… Not all positive!
19
Reconstruction Collapses
20
Election of Ulysses S. Grant
GREAT WAR HERO!!!! But… Little political experience President carries out law Congress develops policy
21
TURNING POINT: Compromise of 1877
Election of 1876 **Pulled Federal Troops out of the South**
22
Important Vocabulary Reconstruction Military Reconstruction Act
Radical Republicans Tenure of Office Act Pocket Veto Carpetbagger Freedmen’s Bureau Compromise of 1877 Black Codes Sharecropper Thirteenth Amendment Fourteenth Amendment Fifteenth Amendment
Similar presentations
